tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-51428000798385963702024-03-21T00:25:19.313-07:00moneybentonyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02312361246421442699noreply@blogger.comBlogger50125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5142800079838596370.post-87057915114194002332011-07-13T08:45:00.021-07:002011-07-13T08:45:34.275-07:00Interest-free loans - new scamFind the answer to this question that drives turn to an analysis of two major banking programs offering interest-free loans. This installment (buying goods on credit) and car loans. We consider each of these options in detail. "Basic conditions of interest-free loan (term, application procedure) remain generally unchanged. However, the bank is not without its rewards due to him. In this way, only redistributed to the interest rate yield on the commission," - said Chief Financial Officer "Prostobank<a name='more'></a>Consulting" Alexander Grizzly, The most frequently used one-time and monthly commission. Disposable commission is calculated on the loan amount (purchase).<br /><br />For example, at the cost of goods in 1000 USD and a one-time commission of 20% in fact, the bank will have to pay 1200 USD. Monthly fee varies between 1-3% and is calculated on the outstanding balance or the full amount of the loan. Naturally, the second form of monthly payments is less favorable. In this case, additionally have to pay the bank in the form of monthly fees 12-60% per annum of the purchase price. Thus, the effective interest rate (total cost of the borrower) may reach 80% per annum and above. In addition to disposable and monthly commissions, in practice there are additional fees: the fee for consideration of an application for a loan and execution of its issuance, the monthly fee for maintenance of credit accounts and credit support, the fee for the loan in cash, commissions on transactions with credit cards, etc.<br /><br />On the eve of holidays widely used interest-free loan scheme to include the remuneration of the bank in the future price. For example, the overvaluation of goods from 1000 to 1250 UAH. These 250 UAH and are the percentages that store (in fact the client) will pay the bank loan. Also, the borrower on interest-free loan offer to pay the first installment. When it comes to buying expensive items like cars, pay 10-20% of its value can not everyone. In granting consumer credit risk the bank is much higher than the mortgage or car loans, since loans are available with virtually no collateral. In this regard, Alexander Gray noted that "in recent years, many banks have switched to more risky lending, but also more lucrative. The effective interest rate on bank loans to express an average of 80%." In other words, the increased risk of loan default, including interest-free, increases the cost of banking products. To reduce the risks in some cases, banks require customers to pay the initial fee.<br /><br />"On the one hand, reduces risks, and the other shows on the solvency and serious intentions of the client. As a general rule, the banks that charge a large one-time fee, do not require a down payment," - stated Gray. Here, however, the client can lie in wait for another trick. When paying a down payment accordingly reduces the size of the loan and interest thereon payable to the bank. While one-time commission serves as an instrument of income of the bank, confirming solvency of the borrower. But its payment on the loan amount is not affected. Therefore, other things being equal, more profitable loans with an initial payment than a single commission. We have already discussed the benefits of payments for goods purchased in retail outlets, with the use of credit cards, because the pay commission (about 2% of the purchase price) will be a seller.<br /><br />The latter circumstance leads to sometimes unmotivated refusal to accept the card for payment. As for the car loan, then the corresponding range of bank programs have long been used in Russia. Among them: quick loans, buy-back (at the end of the contract or the borrower can pay the remaining cost of the loan and leave your car at home, or sell a car dealer at a predetermined price in the contract and purchase a new model), trade in (an old credit machines), factoring, loans for used cars, zero loans, auto loans with no down payment. Option-interest car loans provided to Russia several schemes. In the first case, the manufacturer or dealer when buying a car on credit to a borrower makes a discount, which equals the rate of interest on the loan. Thus, when buying a car worth 100 thousand dollars the borrower pays the bank the said sum, and a car showroom, offering a discount of 15 thousand dollars, they pay the bank in interest. Thus, the borrower actually interest-free loan will be. The second option - factoring. Car dealer gives the customer the opportunity to buy a car hire and assign its rights to the installment to the bank. The borrower pays in the cabin of the car price, the remaining amount paid in installments to the bank. Interest paid for the use of loan auto show, since he ceded to the bank debt (just received the money) and the service is required (factoring) to pay. In some cases the provision of interest free car loan payment increases of the insurance company with which the bank operates. The Ukrainian market for car loans so far behind a similar market in Russia for 1-2 years. This, according to Mr. Gray, to the fact that "this scheme are complex, and the risks are high.<br /><br /><br />In addition, the Ukrainian market, competition among banks is not so strong, and there is a simple mechanism to increase the attractiveness of automobile loans: increased credit term, a loan to buy a used / have cars, and others. "Thus, in most cases, interest-free credit is not other than good advertising. Moreover, the Law "On Banks and Banking Activities" to provide interest-free loans are prohibited, except as provided by law. By the way, Russia's Supreme Court has already recognized the validity of claims about the illegality of charging Rospotrebnadzor banks additional fees and fines when servicing the loans. From now on, the courts may deem illegal commissions and fines of almost all Russian banks involved in lending to individual persons. While it is often the commission and ensure the profitability of banks in interest-free loans.<br /><br />Choosing a credit program, it is necessary first of all, read the terms of loans denominated in the contract. Moreover, before signing the document, rather than after. In this case, Alexander Gray noted that "interest rate - is the most accurate and honest way to determine future payments on the loan. As a general rule, those banks that use interest rates are cheaper resources, and they do not have to resort to various schemes to improve visual appeal of their products "- summed up the Grizzly. Analysis of core banking software (and car installments), which offers interest-free loans, showed the following. The most profitable loans, where the emphasis is on interest rates. For example, a small interest rate and one-time commission. Or, interest-free loan and a one-time commission (19%). More expensive are those banking products that use the monthly fee. The effective interest rate on these loans can reach up to 80%.bentonyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02312361246421442699noreply@blogger.com270tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5142800079838596370.post-50637613178692029242011-07-13T08:45:00.019-07:002011-07-13T08:45:33.499-07:00We invest 10 percent ofIn many books you can find tips on how to become rich. However, they relate primarily to the need to change their world. And it's really important.<br /><br />There is, however, the native Russian question - "What to do?". You have changed your outlook, you believe in success, you are visualizing, and now nothing can stop you on the path to happiness - what next?<br /><br />Just recently I read a book Bodo Schaefer, "The path to financial independence," now I know what to do next. If interested, keep reading and<a name='more'></a>you also know the answer.<br />Way to Wealth<br /><br />We begin with the following statement: "Everyone wants to be happy, and this one has two options: the first way - to limit their demands, the second - to increase their capabilities. The wise men that made both at the same time. "<br /><br />So, just based on this statement all the subsequent strategy of gaining wealth. An exception to the picture of any of the links leads to the destruction of the entire picture as a whole.<br /><br />Many on the road to riches using a strategy called 'how to earn more money. " However, this inevitably leads to the fact that simultaneously with the increase in income increases the consumption of man.<br /><br />Now you are no longer satisfied with the same level of consumption. You choose the more expensive clothes, more expensive restaurants, entertainment and more expensive trip. In the end, your problems are the same (only now they go to the next level).<br /><br />Take, for consideration by my personal example. My income for 5 years have increased about 5 times (price increase and other parameters have also played a role). Did I richer? Not at all.<br /><br />Although I call myself to some extent an exception. In my family it was decided not to spend all the money, so I still managed to put a certain amount. (This allows me to not pay a single cent for the loan - and this in itself is worth a lot).<br /><br />Yet, in general, the situation will not change much. My expenses have increased significantly: I have become more frequent cinemas, buy their shoes more expensive, the cost of my internet grew, I changed my cell phone, etc. etc. You all know how it goes.<br /><br />Conclusions? Very simple - in itself an increase in income does not lead to riches.<br /><br />The question arises: "What gives? How to find all the desired state - the wealth? "<br /><br />The answer is simple again, but you are required to discipline and the ability to plan for the long term. It is these two factors is not enough for most people who would never become rich.<br /><br />Formula resources:<br />Pay yourself forward.<br />Invest 10% of their income.<br />Restrain consumption growth.<br />Invest 50% of revenue growth.<br /><br />Now let's look at each item.<br /><br />1. Pay yourself forward - a very important point. Many people try to invest what they have left over at the end of the month - the excess. For myself I know, no surplus remains. Extra money is not usually all that was postponed in advance - is spent.<br /><br />That's why if you decide to become seriously rich, you must allocate a portion of their income at the beginning of the month - if you receive income. Otherwise, nothing happens.<br /><br />2. Why 10%? Many, wanting to gain wealth, start to lay 15%, 20%, 25% of their income, but pretty soon they can not stand such a pace, and spend all the savings.<br /><br />The fact is that: "To live in the remaining 90% as easy or as difficult as 100%." You will not notice the loss of 10% from its level of consumption, but these 10% will make you rich (with time). 10% - it's just very psychologically comfortable share of the income from which you can with relative ease to give for the sake of the future state.<br /><br />3. Curbing the growth of consumption. (The third and fourth paragraph should be merged). Let's say today you get 20 000 a month, so you should invest 10% * 20 000 = 2 000 p.<br /><br />Suppose the next month you start to get 25 000r. You have not yet got used to his new salary, so it will be easier to increase the level of investment. Now they will be:<br /><br />20 000 * 10% + (25 000 - 20 000) * 50% = 2000 + 2500 = 4 500 rub.<br /><br />That is, for you, this transition will be felt as if your income has not in 5000 (25 000 per month) and at 2500 (ie 22 500 per month) ...<br /><br />However, look at how your investments have increased - more than twice. If you are against such a formula, then it is worth remembering a quote (in the beginning of the section "The Way to Wealth"). If you do not limit their consumption - you do not see wealth.<br /><br />Note that you do not become a miser or a miser. No, you're just starting to spend a bit slower. Growing your income is distributed equally between your expenses and investments.<br /><br />Well, I spoke briefly about the strategy of gaining wealth from the Bodo Schaefer. I recommend you read the book itself "The road to financial independence," because in it you will find a lot of interesting ideas, relating not only to the money side of things, but to the worldview of a rich man.<br /><br />And remember, it's better to be rich in 7 years (to 35 years in my case), than not to become them than ever before.bentonyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02312361246421442699noreply@blogger.com29tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5142800079838596370.post-64015753253727851822011-07-13T08:45:00.017-07:002011-07-13T08:45:23.699-07:00Typically 10% for those who want to become richThe first time we met the 10% rule, oddly enough, in the Bible. James had to give God a tenth of what gets in his favor in exchange for guarantees of high yields: "Make all the tithes into my barns, so that my house was food, and so I try will not open if I have the abyss of heaven, and not Do you give the fruit to excess. I will pour upon you my blessing, and nothing will ruin your fruits of the earth, and not wither in the vine yours, and shall call you blessed of all nations "(Malachi 3:10-12).<a name='more'></a>In fact, these 10% were investment, investment, income generation.<br />Since then much has changed, but the issue price of 10% remained the same. So many financial advisers recommend a delay in deposits, to invest in gold stocks.<br />But do not get hung up on the figure 10, the main thing is not how much, and how often. Regular investment should be a healthy habit. If you set aside money from every income, whether salary, bonus, you'll be able to face the future with confidence.<br />Of course, in our country people are accustomed not to trust anyone and not to look into the distant future. We all lived on the principle of "Do not put off till tomorrow what you can do today." Therefore, spend all the wages. But now the situation is changing: people take out loans, then they are sure of their future earnings. Also, every year more and more people became interested in long-term investments.<br />Most importantly, the 10% - not such a significant part of earnings. Experts say that people usually do not remember where to spend 10-15% of their earnings. That's why he will not notice his absence in his pocket.<br />Of course, this rule is not applicable to all people, the financial situation at all formed in different ways. However, if you want, you will surely succeed. The main thing to start investing even a little, but with enviable regularity.bentonyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02312361246421442699noreply@blogger.com26tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5142800079838596370.post-18042882082856308642011-07-13T08:45:00.015-07:002011-07-13T08:45:22.802-07:00The main secret of wealthLet's first define some terms for what would later we were talking the same language. And so rich - it's financial position at which our revenues exceed our costs. The question is: "If the revenue costs more, so much money should be?" In general, no. If one person earns $ 200 a month, and spends 150, it is a rich man because he can on a monthly basis 25% of their income to defer to their wealth. And if the other - earning $ 2,500 a month and spend 2700, then he, in fact, poor. Because, just like<a name='more'></a>the other poor, he looks every month, which occupy 200. Apparently, to achieve wealth is fundamental that no amount of money received each month, and the ability to dispose of them. In fact only depends on us how much of their earnings we will spend, but how many put off. And so, the wealth does not depend on the amount of money we receive, but on the ability to dispose of them. In fact, this is the secret of wealth. Let's use this wonderful news and see how it can be applied in their lives. One author writes that, as a manager, he earned 3000 dollars a month and still mired in debt. Naterpevshis trouble from this way of life (a way to manage money), he took a radical decision: "To postpone 50% of their monthly income!" And after 7 years he became a millionaire. He became a millionaire, not because it has dramatically increased revenues and not because someone paid off for him his debts, but only because it radically changed their priorities and habits concerning money.<br /><br />There is another interesting idea that we opened the Western millionaires' wealth ratio is measured in months, you can live on that you may have, savings, without changing their lifestyle, if you suddenly run out of work or retire. " The formula for computing is very simple. Then, you divide the amount of your available savings in the amount of your monthly expenses.<br /><br />For example. The entrepreneur has accumulated $ 25 000, his monthly expenses amount to 1000 dollars. By dividing the amount of savings - 25 000 1000 - his monthly expenses, we find that the ratio of his wealth is equal to 25 months. That is, ceasing to work, the employer will be able to live without changing their traditional way of life 25 months.<br /><br />Another example. The businessman amassed $ 100 000, and its monthly cost is $ 10 000. Dividing the amount of savings Businessman 100 000 10 000 - his monthly expenses, we find that the ratio of his wealth is equal to 10 months. That is, ceasing to work, the businessman will be able to survive on this money without changing their traditional way of life just 10 months.<br /><br />So who are rich businessman or entrepreneur? Apparently, the entrepreneur, while 100 thousand, collected businessman who look much more spectacular than 25,000 gained an entrepreneur.<br /><br />Another idea, which has a direct relation to wealth. Wealth can be true, and may be demonstrative (sham).<br /><br />True wealth - is when the ratio of wealth allows you to comfortably exist for decades after the cessation of work.<br /><br />Ostentatious wealth - is when people surround themselves with the attributes of wealth (luxury cars, luxury homes, exclusive clothes, luxury holidays, etc.) while not having a soul, a dollar, and often only the debts and credits.<br /><br />And so, you can be poor or rich, and having $ 100 and $ 10 000.<br /><br />If a person earns $ 10,000 a month and spends $ 10 100, it is essentially a poor man, but lives outwardly rich.<br /><br />If a person earns in a month $ 10 000, and spends $ 100, then he, in fact, a very rich man, though not rich at all living.<br /><br />Our financial situation does not depend on our income - it depends on how wisely we spend our money. It remains to apply this knowledge in its financial practices. In future articles we will talk about the other secrets of wealth.bentonyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02312361246421442699noreply@blogger.com22tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5142800079838596370.post-775252148051392832011-07-13T08:45:00.013-07:002011-07-13T08:45:21.575-07:00Cash 3 stages on the path to financial independenceSo, let's look at these stages. First you need to decide how much money a month we now spend. This should be the sum, with which (per month) we will be able to live on the same level as this is now. Well, I like for myself, not as a married man, has determined that it would be $ 1000. This money is enough for me to live a month, while not denying his habits, go to the movies with a girl or sit at the bar with friends.<br /><br />So, to know where the first point, you need to multiply that amount by 6. In<a name='more'></a>my case it would be $ 1,000 * 6 = $ 6000. This is called financial security. You should definitely have this amount of money in the event of your dismissal of a crisis or any other reason that your income will not bring you more money. And if that happens suddenly, you have a "safety cushion", which you will be able to live another 6 months and easy to find a suitable source of income.<br /><br />Ask yourself, you are now financially secure? If not, you need as soon as possible to buy this bag. Try to set aside more money, a little less afford to spend, deny yourself the pleasures of luxury. Put all waste at a time when you can not worry too much about your financial situation.<br /><br />Our second control point - it's financial security. This is the amount that we will be having is not obliged to work. Just putting the money at interest, we will receive from her income and live on that money. To get the value of financial security, let's take the same amount that we need a month and multiply it by 150. In my case it would be: $ 1000 * 150 = 150 000 $. The number 150 is taken for a reason. If we put this money at least an 8% per annum in the bank, the year we will get this money, income: $ 150,000 * 0.08 = 12 000 $. In the year of 12 months, so that 12 000 $ / 12 = $ 1000. That is, having the amount of financial security, we will never work and live on the same level as now.<br /><br />Financial independence - this is the last stage, the most enjoyable here need to determine the amount of money that is needed in order to live freely, no denying themselves nothing. Well, for example, let's take the $ 10 000. I think having such income on a monthly basis, you can live a very good level. We perform the same calculations, that is, multiplied by 150 (think again why take the number 150, do not need to explain): 10 000 * $ 150 = $ 1.5 million. This is 1.5 million dollars. This sum must possess in order to become financially independent, that is, live happily!<br /><br />Your figures are, of course, may vary as a large, well down, because it all individually. But the approach outlined above, I believe, is worth attention.bentonyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02312361246421442699noreply@blogger.com9tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5142800079838596370.post-55105201512963603322011-07-13T08:45:00.011-07:002011-07-13T08:45:14.552-07:00Making your car loanToday, virtually every newspaper you can advertise to sell a car on credit, favorable loans for the purchase of machinery, etc. But we should remember that, as a rule, the outward simplicity of buying a car on credit lies a number of pitfalls. To carry out all operations with minimal losses, you must thoroughly understand all the features of the acquisition of machinery on credit.<br /><br />Perhaps one of the main features of the car loan is that no bank will carry out operations at a loss. And, therefore,<a name='more'></a>do not completely trust them. As a rule, by providing such services, the bank provides the missing interest to the commission for servicing accounts in an inflated interest rate, etc. In choosing a loan can draw an analogy with the choice of any other thing. For example, a clock. When choosing, it is desirable to pay attention to every detail, describing the subject. Often branded boxes for watches can tell a lot about themselves hours. Necessary in order to deal with the main important points.<br /><br />All auto loans can be divided into two types. The first are loans issued in local car sales, ie in showrooms, the second - makes directly to banks themselves. As a rule, receive a loan through a dealership is much easier than getting a bank loan. This method helps to save personal time.<br /><br />In the showrooms decision to grant or deny the loan are within a day or several hours. In the banks as it can be taken two to four days, and registration may take a week. It should be noted the peculiarity that car dealerships are working with several banks. This makes it possible to choose the most suitable loan option.<br /><br />Also one of the advantages of entering into a loan in the showroom is less needed for processing of documents, which must provide the buyer.<br /><br />For credit at most banks need to provide documents such as passport, law, earnings statement, certified copy of the workbook, the application profile of the borrower, a copy of the contract with the dealership, certified copy of passport of the car (if you choose a specific machine), other documents at the discretion of the Bank (individually). If you are in a Marriage, for processing the loan you may need written consent of spouse (s) for the purchase of machinery on credit, certified by a notary. To obtain the same loan in the showroom are required the following documents: passport, law, form the borrower's application.<br /><br />The minimum allowable size of the total family income for the clearance of most banks to be more than 55-70% of the monthly payment on the loan. In most cases, banks are required to make an initial contribution of 15-25% of the total loan amount. In the case of processing the loan without the entry fee be prepared for higher interest rates.<br /><br />You should be aware that registration of a motor show also has its disadvantages. One of the main is a higher percentage of credit rate. For example, in the case of clearance through the bank it will be about 8-12%, but when you make a salon it will be more than 15%.<br /><br />As a rule, car loan period is from 5 months to 5 years. In this case, the interest rate is directly proportional to the loan period. The longer, the higher the interest rate on the loan. You can get a loan in different currencies: the dollar, the euro, the hryvnia. The interest rate in each case is different.<br /><br />For example, you have decided on the type of loan. The following is the collection of documents and preparation of contract. Necessary to examine in detail each item to be signed the contract. If you do not understand the intricacies of some, should contact a lawyer friend or hire a third-party specialist. A well-designed contract is not worth the money spent on consultation. Also note the amount, which will cost the commission, one-time payment when you open a loan account and a monthly fee for maintaining the loan account. Typically, the amount of these payments is considerably high.<br /><br />Besides the above features one of the main conditions of the loan may be mandatory car insurance. By this method the bank guarantees payment of funds if the car is stolen or it gets into an accident. Such insurance will be paid before the end of the mortgage payments.bentonyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02312361246421442699noreply@blogger.com21tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5142800079838596370.post-26894990851586255482011-07-13T08:45:00.009-07:002011-07-13T08:45:13.660-07:00Posutochny businessAs far as this is a profitable event and the difficulties that await him who decided to host figured out D '<br /><br /><br /><br />Deficit and the high cost of hotels in the capital and other major cities have daily rent for visiting one of the most convenient options for temporary accommodation. The paradox, but rent a flat with kitchen and everything needed for life is worth less than a decent hotel room. Demand, of course, spurs and a proposal. So is it any wonder that the short-term renting apartments are engaged<a name='more'></a>more and more private investors have in their arsenal of one single "odnushku", and specialized companies offering to customers in addition to a dozen or more additional service apartments in the capital abound. The days when the only realtor who give 'apartment the night ", Grandma was at the station, passed.<br /><br />Rent with no future<br /><br />"For the price the cost of rent flats handed over similar or cheaper than a hotel room the appropriate level. The difference can reach 20-30%, - says Dmitry Taganov, head of the analytical center of the company "Inkom-real estate." - Also available in the tourist or business trip, arrived in the capital for several days, is a fully equipped kitchen where you can cook dinner or dinner on their own. And when placed in a hotel every time will have to either leave a lot of money in a restaurant, or looking for a decent cafe or restaurant nearby. And not the fact that worthy institution will be in two steps. "The hotel will pay for each additional service - washing and ironing a shirt, shoes care, etc. At the same rent an apartment donated, no one will bring an additional account for the fact that the employer used the iron, washing machine or a brush for shoes.<br /><br />As for the landlord, for him the main advantage of the short-term business - an opportunity at any time without prejudice "to withdraw from the project." For example, if the apartment is needed for personal use - residence of the owner himself, his children or parents, the landlord is no need to wait several months before the end an agreement with the tenant, as often happens with long-term lease. Moreover, the lease for a long time often provides for the payment of penalties for employers in the event that it breaks through the fault of the landlord. Renters same apartments are rarely colonized longer than ten days.<br /><br />Rent it makes sense if you intend to sell the apartment. The exposure time of apartments can take several months, especially now that the demand for liquid housing even at extremely low levels, but do not lose money on the same case, idle waiting for a buyer apartment. Daily delivery will enable the facility to organize demonstrations at almost any time, with the same long-term lease will have to coordinate their visits with residents. Also, "business for a day" is justified as an option to diversify. If you have a property there are two or more apartments, it is advisable to take one of them for a long time, and another - by the day. Especially in Moscow tourism seasonality is less pronounced, and the flow of visitors is stable all year round.<br /><br />At first glance, rent is even more profitable than long-term. "The cost of a small two-room apartment of economy-with good cosmetic repairs, necessary appliances and furniture will be around 3-4 thousand rubles. per day. It turns out that at the time of this apartment for 20 days a month you can count on an income of 60-80 thousand rubles. While long-term lease at its cost will be around 35-45 thousand rubles. per month "- gives an example of Dmitry Taganov. In the recent market rates for long-term lease steadily declining, and the profitability of it today does not exceed 4-5%.<br /><br />No guarantees or insurance<br /><br />But to say that the business of rental housing in the short term is simple, it is impossible. Since it is related to more problems than it seems at first glance. The main problem of rent a landlord - the lack of guaranteed income. In the long-term lease enough once to find a client to sign a contract - and can be a year to live quietly, getting a stable monthly income. And in the case of short-term search for new guests is the time.<br /><br />Dmitry K. decided to take the fall his apartment in downtown St. Petersburg apartments. And on own experience that this business practice is not income, as it seems in theory. "When I took her on long-term contract, I have always been guaranteed 30 thousand rubles. per month. Now, more hassle and less return, "- he says. Month to month is not necessary. Once Dmitry lucky: apartment rented for 20 days a single family, which in his own house to make repairs, and as it dragged on, they had yet to extend the lease for the same period. But this was an isolated case. The rest of the apartment occupied by an average of ten days per month. "However, there are quite objective reasons. Firstly, the winter tourist season, not to St. Petersburg. Secondly, the crisis. The main contingent of customers - tourists and business trips, and the number of both in recent months has reduced considerably ", - says Dmitry.<br /><br /><br />Manager rental housing stock company "Petersburg real estate," said Svetlana Aleksashin that demand for housing for rent uneven and indeed to a large extent depends on the season: "Before the New Year was willing enough to rent an apartment for a few days: many people from other cities come to your friends relatives, to spend the holidays. Now on the market of daily rent of a lull, but it is traditional for this time of year. Revival, as always, will come in May-June: White Nights season attracts tourists to the city on the Neva. " True, in recent years competition in the market of daily rent is even harder: there are numerous mini-hotels, and many visitors prefer this segment of the apartments.<br /><br />Of course there are alternative ways to better ensure a steady stream of tenants. But this is the options for an amateur. You can, for example, rent an apartment by holding celebrations and parties - for such a purpose in convenient areas of real estate are always in demand. But one needs to realize what the consequences might be for the state of the apartment. No, paying the money, there will be careful with the property owners. Another option - rent apartments for employees sphere of leisure. It also ensures a steady income. "But these apartments deteriorating rapidly - says one of the landlords. - In addition, when the apartment is located in a decent house, does not want to spoil relations with its neighbors. "<br /><br />The constant search for customers is not the only problem is waiting for the landlord. Apartment to be submitted by the day, requires much more attention. After each client hosts must include the full house in order, clean, provide fresh linens, etc. In addition, these objects more quickly lose their form. "Our guests are constantly changing, and not the fact that they are all very kind to the new furniture and household appliances. Therefore, the owner of apartments are much more likely to have to make cosmetic repairs, than in an apartment donated for the long term. And to pay for insurance against the risk of harm ", - says Dmitry Taganov. True, as noted by St. Petersburg Dmitry K. landlord, buying too much insurance a luxury or a UK refuse to insure such an apartment, or wring too high tariffs.<br /><br />In the short-term lease to run higher risk of fraud or crime. This experience has been and Dmitri K. New Year's Eve he came to visit the apartment that was vacant at this time, but found that he could not get inside: a key for some reason did not fit the lock. Looking at the door, Dmitry found that the lock is simply replaced. I had to call rescuers, who opened the door and let the legal owner. Once inside the apartment, found a lot of other people's Dmitry things dressed Christmas tree, a bottle of alcohol - in short, are clear signs that the apartment is habitable. After some time, appeared a new "tenant", which met this landlord perturbed questions about the causes of last residence in the territory of another's apartments. It turned out that he rented the apartment through a real estate agency and paid for the three months immediately ahead. Gradually came to light and the details of fraud: just before New Year's apartment for a few days removed a woman arrived, she said, out of Sochi. For such a short time she managed to make duplicate keys, and after his official "departure," she returned, changed the lock and under the guise of real estate manager has agreed to surrender the apartment to another person. Made him an advance payment - and disappeared in an unknown direction.<br /><br />Dmitry lucky illegal tenant vacated the apartment without pretension, and, in time and nerves, the owner has not suffered any losses. But in another scenario, crook and could not tinker with the retake, but simply to make the house all the valuable property and equipment. To minimize risks, should at least make a copy of passport client, but this does not insure you against fraud by 100%.<br /><br />Confidence or independence?<br /><br />If you want to take my apartment, before you two choices: to pass an apartment in the trust or estate agency engaged in the delivery of its own.<br /><br />If you trust the one hand, the owner free of all trouble. On the other - there is a risk of fraud by real estate agents. Agents can simply cheat, understated the number of days during which the apartment give up, and part of the income to keep himself. Are not going to go the same day to the apartment and checked.<br /><br />If you take matters into their own hands, to find customers will have to draw the maximum number of channels of information. However, it is not too difficult. It is necessary to type in "Yandex", or any other search engine the words "rent" - and immediately in front of you to choose from dozens of sites open agencies offering apartments for rent. Almost all of them work together and with owners of apartments. You will need to make a standard description of the proposed housing, provide all of its key parameters and make some photos (kitchen, bathroom and bedroom). Pictures and descriptions are posted on the agency's website. Owner of the apartment shows how much he would like for the day, and realtors add their numbers on top of this cheat. For example, if the apartment is from "master" is worth 2 thousand rubles., The agency will put her over 2.5-3 thousand in this case deception on the part of brokers is hardly possible, since the agency plays a critical role as a link. It sends the customer, and already in contact with him directly landlord: for him, and show the apartment and change of linen, and cleaning, and best of all - getting paid. Then he gives the commission the agency.<br /><br />If you have multiple apartments rent becomes a full-fledged business that requires not only the initial investment, but also recurrent expenditures. Necessary or will be outsourced cleaning services, or create their own unit operation, which will take the cleaning of apartments, laundry and linen, minor repairs, etc. In addition to the staff accountant is also required. Need to establish relationships with people who can resolve any situation of conflict with residents. An important element of this business is the creation and promotion of effective site on the Internet. "It looks very easy, but in practice it may be vice versa. In the process of established business relationships with certain organizations, such as with the offices of Western companies, resulting in this business is becoming more stable and secure. Moreover, you can get and extra income through the provision of related services: transportation, tourism, etc. "- says the managing director of« Century 21 West "Eugene Skomorovsky.<br /><br />Half the battle<br /><br />Not every apartment will give equally successful. There are a number of parameters that would depend on its relevance to potential tenants. First, it is important to the location of such housing. "For the short-term rentals are in demand especially small apartments in the Central district of Moscow, for example in Stalin's homes. Also popular areas that are large-scale exhibition centers, "- said the head of the Department for an exclusive lease luxury apartments Penny Lane Realty, Vadim Lamin. There remains an important option, "the pedestrian subway accessibility" - the same way as the purchase or long lease.<br /><br />If the apartment is to be submitted for the long term, may be minimally furnished, in the case of short-term rental of a room will not work. There must be all in order to provide residents a comfortable alternative to a hotel room. A person arriving at the hotel, does not care to bring soap, towels, toothpaste, underwear. All of this he gets on the spot. Long term lease to ensure that the same thing.<br /><br />The room should be comfortable wardrobe and bed. Necessarily need a kitchen equipped with fridge, kettle and microwave. The latter - a required element, than plate. "Few of the visitors engaged in a serious cook. They either eat in cafes, or prefer to buy ready meals and reheat it ", - says Sergey realtor. The room is necessary to have a TV also recently become popular DVD-Player. These little things often play an important role, especially as competition in the market of daily rent is high and the price difference is almost not observed.bentonyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02312361246421442699noreply@blogger.com14tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5142800079838596370.post-73247080155371544502011-07-13T08:45:00.007-07:002011-07-13T08:45:12.376-07:00Myths and Truth about moneyFor centuries, the money in the mind spin with stories, superstitions and other superstitions.<br /><br />How to become rich.<br /><br />Myths and Truth about money.<br />How to get rid of illusions and become rich?<br /><br />For centuries, the money in the mind spin with stories, superstitions and other superstitions. People worshiped money, glorify them, gives a magical and hated. It is quite natural, because the golden calf is always directly or indirectly influenced people's lives. Myths were created in the form of fears,<a name='more'></a>which were fixed and passed on by word of mouth to succeeding generations. Patterns of thinking are always die hard, as not everyone wants to think of many much easier to live when others think for them.<br /><br />How dangerous myths?<br /><br />These negative beliefs blocking the attraction of cash flows. Prejudice - a form of failure, ignorance print. A successful man is free in thought. To get rid of illusions.<br /><br />The first myth. Gold - is the devil<br /><br />Misconception. Money - the evil, the subject of the basest desires.<br /><br />Moralists who preach these beliefs are based on the view that the most common motivation of all crimes, including murder - that the pursuit of profit. Squeamish attitude to money such champions of morality is based on the representation of a number of religions. Strongest opposition to the Catholic Church of market relations has caused schism, war, with millions of victims and the emergence of Protestantism, with your money more easily. This is a fairly stable myth pervades many religions.<br /><br />Sanctimonious attitude to money was inherent, and our recent past. This illusion was formed in a social rather nasty form of hypocrisy. Everyone wanted to live richer, but carefully concealed it, and the authorities did not welcome such an orientation. So a black market flourished and speculation.<br /><br />A person who perceives the truth as the myth relates to money passively. He considers himself above the money and does not want their money.<br /><br />Sometimes a rich man starts to say something like that, but this is outright hypocrisy. Rather, it is a kind of desire to please the crowd to tune out the general opinion, not to stand out and conceal their level of wealth.<br /><br />In fact. Gold is not the creation of the devil, as a tool for achieving goals in life. Money is first and foremost a great opportunity for a happy and prosperous life.<br /><br />The second myth. Gold - is a god.<br /><br />Misconception. With money you can solve absolutely every problem.<br /><br />This deification of money in today's world. For many, money - religion, which they worship and serve. If for a moment imagine how many thoughts, desires, energy, activism, its time people spend at the service of God and spiritual material to the idol, the difference are impressive. That's the reality.<br /><br />In fact. Money, of course, important but do not confuse charisma with scrambled eggs. Money - it is only a means, not an end. Gold is not a god, it's just the earth's equivalent of the labor and energy. With the money can not solve all the problems completely. You can not buy health, genuine relationships, love and happiness. You can only create good conditions for this.<br /><br />The third myth. The big money - big problems.<br /><br />Misconception. Better to live modestly, especially a low profile, do not go out on the line of success.<br /><br />This myth laid rational. In fact, money demand active attitude.<br /><br />If a wealthy man seeks to preserve and increase his wealth, he should be active. Imagine that wealth - is a huge multi-storey building. To maintain order in this house, it is necessary all the time to do something: it will burn out light bulb, the flow valve, the plaster posypetsya. Cabin much easier, you can lie down after a hunt, and sleep for days.<br /><br />Money can not simply be stored in a stocking. Then they depreciate. Money should bring money to turn. The civilized approach requires that the capital was working and did not lay dormant. It is a living energy, not just a pile of shiny metal. Miserly Knight went into oblivion. Today, very different speeds, life has become a dynamic and fleeting. There's gold reserves - a guarantor of stability, which is static is stored somewhere in the recesses or bank vaults. Money differs from gold. For them, naturally rotate constantly, invest in commodities, services. They should flow like streams in different directions and come back to the man.<br /><br />Indeed, when a lot of money problems, but a poor man of much greater quality of life and much worse.<br /><br />In fact. Money - is the potential of this method of achieving the goals and desires, and life programs. If handled adroitly, they do not create problems, and help solve them. Enough money allows a person to feel at ease and confident.<br /><br />Myth Four. Wealth - the result of luck.<br />Misconception. Many sincerely believe that big money only gets the lucky people.<br /><br />For example, you can win a decent amount in a lottery or receive their inheritance. According to those who believe in this myth is the availability of money, or lack thereof depends on the fate or external circumstances, but not from the man himself. "If I was born in a rich country into a wealthy family" - a different matter, most people think. But is it really?<br /><br /><br />In fact, many millionaires have a very modest start-up capital, and prospered on their own. No wonder one wise man said: "Fools are lucky? So they are not so stupid."<br /><br />The Russian people hope for an unexpected luck fueled fantastic attitude. Suddenly, a miracle happens and he wakes up rich, or win a million in a lottery, a slot machine in casinos. Instead of engaging in serious efforts, people indulge in dreams of riches. Such dreamers at heart consider themselves to be unworthy of the wealth, big serious money.<br /><br />Of course, an element of fate and luck play a role, but to a much greater extent, it depends on the person, of his desire, conscious effort and perseverance.<br /><br />There are times when the two of fortune gives the same chance, one uses it, the other not.<br /><br />In fact. Fate, of course, makes the surprises, but you can live life in anticipation of an expensive gift, so it never came. Successful people are always very architect of his own happiness. Luck comes to those who believe in it and confidently goes to meet her.<br /><br />Myth Five. The more you work, the more you earn.<br /><br />Misconception. If you work for wear, then sooner or later get rich.<br /><br />As you know, the poor are working from dawn to dusk in exchange for their hard work song. Wealth does not come to someone who works hard, and to him who thinks and acts properly. Our personal bank located in the head. Between poverty and wealth are no compromises. And the poor and the rich can spend the same effort, but the result will be different. You can like Sisyphus rolling a boulder uphill impossibly high, drain the power to sink down and become a stone.<br /><br />In other words, the degree of stress and the amount of money is not directly linked. Money will come only if a person deeply considered their actions, the program will be the so-called business - life plan and will be targeted to implement it. Only in this case he may count on success. But the main thing - it's state of mind: gold alloy strong desire and belief in yourself.<br /><br />In fact. It is best not to fuss, not spinning like a squirrel in a wheel, and make every step in life balanced, thoughtful, deliberate. First, become rich in ideas. Next Line up the path to prosperity in the head. And, finally, making no unnecessary movements, quiet, focused, purposeful start to implement it: Sit out on the prospective job or become an entrepreneur, assemble a competent team to study the market and customer needs.<br /><br />Myth Six. Above the head can not jump.<br /><br />Misconception: sit modestly low profile, do not try to look smarter than you are. Hen pecks grain by grain and fed to.<br /><br />All these proverbs programmed to poverty and to justify inaction, passivity, and stagnation of thought. They set forth the philosophy of a poor man who is deeply convinced that he did not do that did not make, he still will not achieve anything. Its ruining the negative belief that all his efforts are doomed to failure, useless and futile. This saying, like many others, came to us from the deep past, when it was much harder than today to get out of the social stratum to which belong to parents. Should we blindly trust the wisdom of the people, which also has a feature out of date. We live in a different time.<br /><br />In fact. If you believe that all efforts are useless, as it is. So first change the settings. You can do anything! Your fate depends on your thoughts.<br /><br />Myth Seven. Kopek ruble protects.<br /><br />Misconception. The more we save, the more we will have money.<br /><br />But if we tremble over every penny, then we will have no incentive to earn. Who will save too, in fact, saves his energy for fear of losing it. But who spends a lot of effort, the more and receive. You just have to be able to recover their energy to accumulate, from time to time be charged as podsevshaya battery. The fact that the less money we spend, the more restricting their needs. That means less make an effort to make more money. In the ascetic is no incentive to work. After all, he can sit on bread and water.<br /><br />True. Excessive frugality blocks the activity of making more. What is more modest needs, the less motivation to get rich. This also applies to personal consumption, and investment in production. It is known that if you save money on advertising, the business might wither on the vine. As they say, avaricious pays twice.<br /><br />Myth eighth. In forty years, no money, and never will.<br /><br />Misconception. It is believed that only you can make a fortune in his youth. And after forty one can relax - all the same train had already left.<br /><br />This false negative attitudes still lives in the minds of many. A simple example. Abraham Lincoln, whose portrait adorns the five-dollar bill, was a failure in any business, for which neither took up to 40 years. This great man succeeded only in adulthood.<br /><br />In fact. Contrary to the opinion of an idle, according to statistics people create the best around the age of forty to sixty years. These statements are based on a careful study of thousands of people. Enough to use as an example of such well-known millionaires like Henry Ford and Andrew Carnegie.<br /><br />Believe me with all my being that you can become a rich man at any age. Most wealthy people amassed his fortune was after forty. If you are under forty, you're ahead. If more time means your prosperity only comes.<br /><br />Myth ninth. Money can not buy happiness.<br /><br />Misconception. Poor people love to repeat this formula, but as a rule, have neither the one nor the other.<br /><br />This statement is a kind of defensive reaction. They just do not want to admit even to themselves in their inability or unwillingness to earn decent.<br /><br /><br />However, this hypocrisy is easily found, is to offer the money a man who preaches this myth. He soon forgets his principle. However, I met enthusiastic, so passionate with their work that they have agreed to receive any money. But they did not complain then that they were underpaid. They are rich in their love for their work.<br /><br />Money can not interfere with happiness, just the opposite of their lack does not allow to fully enjoy life. In fact, all we are born to be happy and rich. Poverty - it's hardships and limitations, and therefore they can not contribute to happiness. Money open up new opportunities, can make the happiness more vivid and complete. You can say so - not in money happiness, but without them, happiness would be complete.<br /><br />In fact. Money can not prevent a person to be happy, but are able to reinforce his good fortune. Better not to oppose these two concepts. Money to increase opportunities for happiness. They can make a happy man even happier.<br /><br />Myth tenth. Poverty - not a vice.<br /><br />Misconception. Poverty - a virtue modest man, who stars in the sky is not enough content to small and not compromising my principles.<br /><br />However, poverty is poverty are different. One can sympathize with the deeply sick man, a pensioner, of which the state has used and then thrown to the dustbin of history. Or military, is released on all four sides after 20 years of distinguished service, or Russian refugees from the former Soviet republics, which are destined for years on other people's Myka corners and settle for odd jobs. Forgivable poverty forced able-bodied people who are in search of a busy place in the sun and are ready to work hard, but have not yet found their niche. Material deprivation of citizens willy-nilly deserve compassion and assistance from both the state and by those who are richer.<br /><br />There are in our country and other categories of citizens, who likes to repeat this saying to justify their passivity and inaction. This army of slackers and talkers. This myth they use as a not-guilty argument. How many of us healthy dependents, lazy, consumer-minded individuals, sofa dreamers who could not fit into the new reality in today's rather cruel world. They just do not want to take responsibility for their own well-being into their own hands. These new poor are not only passive, but aggressive in its charge anyone, not just themselves. They are closed as a shield from the wealth and prosperity of their negative attitudes. Vice - destroys a person from the inside, like a worm that eats the heart of a ripe apple. Poverty also erodes the human mind, like rust, and he sees life negatively. He enters into it like the back door, because he is convinced - the main entrance was not for him. Deprivations and restrictions make him forget that he was born for happiness and wealth. In poverty there is no virtue. A malformation of the poor no less than the rich. Most of them are passive, jealous, bezinitsiativny limited.<br /><br />In fact. Indeed, poverty is no crime. But that kind of poverty, which we just talked about, nesting in the mind, a kind of mental illness that should be treated. When we have something hurts, we're going to the doctor, tell him about the symptoms of his illness, and he appoints the course of treatment. Poverty can be eliminated from their own, but better with a specialist who will cure the chronic disease of consciousness.<br /><br />These and other myths are born in the mind of man.<br /><br />Money is a kind of mirror that reflect our identity. They may be crooked or magnifying. If we perceive ourselves and the world adequately, then the money and see no optical illusion.<br /><br />We are working out a relationship to them in both positive and negative. Money - a measure of human labor. No more and no less. Money - a means to achieve the equivalent of human energy. Is in our interests to treat them impartially, not to pay for the possession of too high a price. You should not go to the other extreme and naive to believe that gold coins sprinkled from the sky like manna from heaven. Let's be realistic.bentonyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02312361246421442699noreply@blogger.com14tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5142800079838596370.post-57617075859146659012011-07-13T08:45:00.005-07:002011-07-13T08:45:02.331-07:00Live to work?Want to become rich? Do you really want that? As far as the rich?<br /><br />Are the sake of it to make yourself do things that do not want to go wherever really want to come? To take responsibility for their decisions and actions? And are you prepared to carefully consider their money?<br /><br />Live to work?<br /><br />So on it and the wealth that a penny does not count! - You might say. Yes, but to become rich, money is needed. If they do not collect, save, do not learn to properly manage money, skills, how to do it<a name='more'></a>by themselves do not appear.<br /><br />But the savings do not mean to give up worldly pleasures and work-work-work. Let's say I stop drinking coffee, rest 5 minutes per hour, to relax after work, spend time with family and friends.<br /><br />Not to mention the fact that it is not efficient because it reduces the motivation, performance, health, mood and much more, the maximum that I can save - for eight hours.<br /><br />If you take the eight-hour workday and a dream, and not to leave more time for anything, in this hypothetical example, I was able to extend my time in half. A millionaire's income more than I do a thousand times. See the difference in scale? Meanwhile, the majority of millionaires is especially appreciated in my life quiet evenings at dinner with the family, communication with loved ones and friends, and are not injected to the bottom sixteen hours a day.<br /><br />So how do you become rich?<br />The secret is simple: follow your calling and destiny.<br /><br />It would seem, well, not like the work, and so what? How many people work the same way, and nothing else.<br />That is just it, nothing. Virtually none of those who are engaged in business unloved, unable to become rich themselves. And those people for whom wealth had fallen unexpectedly, could not cope with it, and for five years, went bankrupt.<br /><br />You disagree? Think of you are familiar with the rich. They love what they do? And you? Personally for me this idea now - the main way to make a choice between various possibilities, which every day becomes more and more.<br /><br />Plan your million<br /><br />Remember the phrase from the movie "80 Days Around the World"?<br />- "Do you have a plan, Mr. Fix?"<br />- "Do I have a plan! Yes, I have a plan! "<br /><br />Do you have a plan? How long have you written it? Have not yet written, yet keep in mind? A good way to allow the plan to drift into an uncertain future.<br /><br />You've written a plan? And now you are ready to implement it? And promise yourself to monitor the implementation of the plan? Really? Do you know how to inspire yourself for the plan to make him happy? And you know how to change it if necessary, to make flexible? Yes? Congratulations, most likely you will achieve what you want.<br /><br />I talked with many people on this topic. Some people believe in superstitions and believe that if something is planned, then their desire is in danger. Fear of "evil eye", they themselves often deprive themselves of the opportunity to implement their plans.<br />Other people are not able to respond flexibly to rapidly changing circumstances.<br />Someone just too lazy to plan.<br />So make a plan.<br /><br />Accounted for? Now try on yourself to wealth. Sign in state of a wealthy man.<br />- Do you have the correct state in order to become rich?<br />- And what, you just need the right state?<br />- Yes, it is necessary. Moreover, it is absolutely necessary.<br />- And how often I can go into that state?<br />- As often as you want. In this state you can enter and exit.<br />- Why did I not done this before?<br /><br />No answer. Or, maybe you and so enter a state of genius every time you need it? And out of it instantly, saving, thus, efficiency? I think here lies the key to effectiveness. Instead of hours of work, constantly in unassembled condition and using its capabilities in the best case for a third - to enter a state of genius, quickly get the job done, get out of genius.<br /><br />Who does not risk, that ...<br /><br />Do I need to take risks to get rich and how to learn it? This question is more complicated than it seems. Winning in business generally - a result of non-trivial solutions.<br /><br />How is risk in business? This, too, need to learn. Most people who have earned wealth on their own, went bankrupt several times. And learn from your mistakes. You can learn from others, since now there are a lot of personal success training.<br /><br />Repeat with a simple experiment. Mentally, double your income. You okay? Now multiply it by ten or a hundred, a thousand. What thoughts come to mind? You are comfortable with that kind of money? Or are there any restrictions such as "honest way of earning money is not" or "stolen, taken away"?<br /><br />Analyze your limiting beliefs. Do not you want some of them to get rid of as outdated or unnecessary? You know how to do it yourself or have someone ask for help?<br /><br />Now that brought order to the beliefs of, let's look around in search of rubbish. Tell yourself honestly, whether all the things that surround you, you really need? Maybe something is high time to throw out? What are the principles you buy things? For pleasure, prestige or for fear that someone is something about you think? As far as the fun of it? Is it worth it the money that be spent?<br /><br />The basis for creating wealth - it is our ability to do the right thing to others.<br /><br />(Recently, my hot debate on this issue over the fact that I heard about this phrase: "What else, besides the possibility of sex, may be useful in a woman?") What can you do this, what you like and brings real benefits to other people? Does the benefit of your business? What are your hobbies you can do your core business?<br /><br />How's that for real life example: one person is so liked to teach kids the game of tennis, which he first led the free lessons and then got a part time job, then a full day, then became manager and then bought this gym, then bought the network gyms.<br /><br />Make a list of favorite activities and think about where hidden opportunities to increase their wealth, doing things you love. It's very important - to find your passion and start doing what like. Like so, that's hard to believe that you are paying for this work. So you would, perhaps, themselves underpaid, just to do it. If you find your passion, the cause that you love, and everything else important, and it does not matter. It's important because everything else needed. It does not matter because you can start at any time.<br /><br />And another secret of wealth, the chief: perseverance. Many people come up to wealth at arm's length and do not do the last step. Do you have the perseverance to go on this way? After that you can build your wealth needed for a dozen years.<br /><br />Rather, wealth will increase very gradually. The closer to the beginning of the path, the slower growing wealth, the farther away - the sooner.<br /><br />But either way begins with the first step.<br />What step will you do?bentonyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02312361246421442699noreply@blogger.com23tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5142800079838596370.post-16943127111844649392011-07-13T08:45:00.003-07:002011-07-13T08:45:01.723-07:00How does a person become wealthy to the poor?However, with one caveat, if the neighbor or co-worker not a millionaire, make money with its own ability to ... make money. But usually, people just jealous of this, but ask for advice is not addressed. Or do not want that, probably closer to the truth.<br /><br />How to become rich (and thus desirable to be healthy and happy), everyone decides for himself. Or does not resolve, stuck in poverty, as in the swamp bog, and sinking into it more and more. This man, strangely enough, does not do anything to become<a name='more'></a>rich. "I do not live a rich, there is nothing to start," - sigh ... people are here. "Everything is against us in this world, how unfair!"<br /><br />But the world is fair! If we turn to the Bible, which read in this "book of books"? "According to your faith and you will be rewarded!" The poor man can not imagine how it is - "be rich", but does not believe that he can be ... just a dollar millionaire.<br /><br />Well, where do you start? On Faith. In fact, you too can do anything that the world is full of riches that you can make your own. We only need to believe. But just believe, IMHO, is not enough. We must also know the difference between a poor man's faith, which inevitably leads to poverty, and Vera rich, as inevitably leading to human wealth.<br /><br />Well? Let's begin.<br /><br /><br /><br />1.What is evident first of all? A poor man wants to become rich at once and, preferably, not doing anything. In a lottery win, inheritance get married (married out) "for cash" as a last resort. A rich ... The growing wealth of a farmer wheat, starting small, and does everything possible to "harvest" was a little more.<br /><br />2. Related to the work of the poor and rich is also quite the opposite. The poor think that in order to become rich, you need to work harder .... Here's health and coffins for two, three, sometimes even more jobs. And sells the most precious thing he has - his time of life that never return. A rich? This "zhuchara" always tries to work less, and "grab" (in money, of course) more! Ideal - did not work at all, and the money to come to themselves, and every day more and more. Say, it does not happen ... Even as it happens! Even this is a scientific name - residual income. We just know how to do this and do ....<br /><br />3. Poor people do not like "bother." Why "reinvent the wheel" when it would seem to do everything necessary so that "as it is accepted." Why? "Because everyone does it!" Yes ... the logic of steel! But the rich do not that familiar, or that everything is done, but that more money brings. And think, is trying to "twist" in general. They bought a bit cheaper than "all" here has sold slightly more expensive "all" look - at high volumes, these "little" in the millions submitted. And the rest - as sold in trays or trays on it and trade ... But "everything"!<br /><br />4.Bedny man does what is "necessary" or "what they order." A rich ... "that I want." What do you love more than anything else? So think about how to sell "It" expensive!<br /><br />5.Bedny pathologically afraid of responsibility. "Well, let boss thinks! And also the responsibility of taking over! And our job a little ... we'll see what happens. " Likewise, in business, most are afraid to lose and only a few plays to win, and take responsibility. And the win after all! And the rest ... sigh: "Lucky ..." Take responsibility! Let it come at you in the habit!<br /><br />6.Kstati, another trait of wealthy people - he's not afraid to give up what do most disadvantageous to others, liberated while earning money. Next on the money "purchased" more workers, who bring more revenue. And so on to infinity. And poor? "If you want to do a good job - do it yourself!"<br /><br />7. The poor always someone to blame. Listen to talk on the benches or grannies conversations in cheap beer ... Everything is to blame except himself the man! So where is he will be rich? Wealth comes to those who are strong in spirit, who change circumstances in his favor, no matter how adverse they may seem at first! Want to become rich? No problem - just becoming a man!<br /><br />8. 'That's when I'll ... "- always comes up with this excuse themselves poor. And waiting ... for life! Favorable, ideal circumstances do not occur ever. What makes the rich? He begins to act, using what is, once the idea came to earn more. Why wait for you! Time - money!<br /><br />9.Otnoshenie loans to the poor and the rich completely different! For the rich credit - the opportunity to earn extra money. And for the poor? Opportunity to spend money, not even earned!<br /><br />10.Kstati, the question "Why do we need money?" Is unambiguous only for the poor. "Spend!" - Do not hesitate to answer poor. For a man rich in money - the universal tool of manipulation to which (except for trivial expenses) is very large, practically infinite. By the way, many poor people, winning big money in a lottery, usually "profukivayut" them ... well, very quickly. If such a "gift" to the rich man's fall, he will invest money so that they would bring a steady income for the rest of their lives. And even children and grandchildren ...<br /><br />11.U you have a dream? If not, we must urgently come up with. Without a dream, you are drowning in a whirlpool of small things, not seeing the goal toward which to move. Do you already have a dream? Then we have to translate it into practice. And now! How? Well, at least tear the ass of the couch, her eyes from the TV and sketch plan for moving to your dream. Even the most exemplary. And then give yourself a terrible oath to translate this plan into action. Funny? But, you know, works!<br /><br />12.Vremya rich and poor is also perceived differently. Poor looking for someone to sell their time, and a rich ... That's right, someone would buy it! Indeed, while more money! This will tell you any rich man. Learn how to buy time for money, but not vice versa! You can earn money always, but the time spent on nothing, will never be undone!<br /><br />13.Slovo "freebie" (a more noble form "free") acts on the poor man's magic, because money is no need to pay. A wealth of know what is necessary to pay for everything ... and calculates where it "thrown" at those same free of charge. If you pay someone else, such as an advertiser, it will take advantage of this opportunity, and if so ... "interest free" credit in fact is usually much more honestly stated 25% per annum. Why? Because bankers also need to live, and if you fuckers who will loan interest only mad because he called the "interest free", it should be used! People, remember! "Free cheese only in a mousetrap!" Figured out a system found to be both cheat trap, go ahead. Can not - think about where you "throw". Nothing is free in the world is by definition!<br /><br />14. Even the attitude of charity among the poor and the rich are different. Poor every penny pulls into his burrow, he in fact is never enough. True, to manage money so that they may bring profit, can not. A rich? Rich even spending on charity uses ... to become rich! Not only monetary, but also mentally and spiritually as well.<br /><br />15. "Pay me now!" Poor people are always afraid of being cheated. What usually happens. After all, the poor can not protect themselves. Including those that used to "not bother" and "do everything". Rich, vice versa. If you can get additional income over time, such a person can not take the money and ask for help in a more serious case. "I like you, I will" - yet another formula of wealth. "After us the deluge" - another formula of poverty.<br /><br />16. Difficulties temper. But not the poor! This poor fellow (see, the letter has changed, and the sense - not!) At the slightest difficulty folding legs and hides in a burrow. And as to deliberately go to meet the difficulties ... "No, no, thank you ... Fool No!" And here is a fool, came out to meet challenges and overcome them ... well, because most of these difficulties have been invented. "Lucky ..." - sigh ... again poor and hides in a burrow.<br /><br />17.Otnoshenie to invest too directly opposed to the poor and the rich. Rather, the poor, even, perhaps, and there is no such thoughts - but put off investing. On loan to pay off ... And the rich always have the financial cushion for a rainy day, and the head always thinking, where would the money to invest, to a maximum return on them was.<br /><br />18. If you kichites degrees, diplomas, etc., then most likely you - the person ... poor. Yes! The paradox, of course! But if you think that money will run to you just because 20 years ago you graduated from a prestigious university, you are deeply mistaken. Look around. Who earn real money - at times, hundreds of times more than you? We looked at? That's it!<br /><br />19. The main principle of a rich man sounded more classic Marxism-Leninism. "Learn, learn, and learn!" You know, that asks for an interview when applying for a job ... Sergey Brin, sovdadelets "Google," one of the richest people in the world? "Tell me as fully as possible what I do not know. I'll give you five minutes. " When reporters asked his partner, Larry Page, Brin why spend your precious time "for such nonsense," Larry lost his temper: "Do you think that to learn new things - this is nonsense! This man can now leave here forever, and his knowledge as will forever be in my head Sergei. And, absolutely free! "Learn, learn and learn .... Not only acquire knowledge but also turns them into practical skills that can be sold. And by the way, all the while learning to sell more expensive. This is a useful skill ever!<br /><br />20. How to buy ... and cheaper. Haggle! Nothing wrong with that, and to exchange their pride for money is very, very profitable!<br /><br />As you see, become a rich man is not difficult. It is only necessary to change the thinking ... with the poor to the rich.<br /><br />But this is usually the hardest to do!bentonyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02312361246421442699noreply@blogger.com10tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5142800079838596370.post-19426052955199325762011-07-13T08:45:00.001-07:002011-07-13T08:45:00.647-07:00Potential wealth1. Want to get rich. Regularly concentrate on its intention to create wealth ... And you will want to move on, to the exploits<br />2. Themselves to a goal, to get rich. To weigh his every aspect of life, every action of his purpose - whether it is her best if fit, or better do something more substantial.<br />3. Potential wealth, above all - not in the bank, and in man. A person must comply with the type of personality that the market demands of growing rich people and should behave as the market demands.<br />4.<a name='more'></a>Become clever. This is a necessary condition but not sufficient. Most of the people getting rich - clever, though not all the smart people - the wealthy ..<br />6. Narrow path to riches. Do not think that there is only one or a few issues which should decide - will become rich. To become rich, you need to take into account many factors, and if something is not uchtesh - in one way or another drop.<br />7. Be dynamic and mobile. Sensitive to smell the wind and catch all the different possibilities. Do not cling to the old, if it is more profitable to quit if a new - and much better actually.<br />8. "Success - the ability to go from one failure to another with growing enthusiasm." - Winston Churchill. Reinforced confidence in achieving success, sooner or later, infinite persistence, the ability to hit long at one point (although from different sides). The difference between a successful entrepreneur from a failure: fail, failures, losses and misfortunes, both about the same. But failure after failure, or multiple discouraged, and after each successful failure analyzes the error and starts anew, taking into account past experience.<br />9. Trying to communicate with rich people, make personal contacts. They - the source and the right mindset (communicating, you will learn from their unconscious imitation, and watch and learn from their general behavior consciously), and valuable business opportunities opening up.<br />10. Virtually impossible without a great business business ideas (ideas). But each is the best business idea can give nothing, depending on performance.<br />11. When assess a business idea or business model, keep in mind the law Stokmayera (a la Murphy): if something seems simple, so it is difficult, if difficult - it is impracticable. do not lay in the system is initially too much complexity, it will not work.<br />13. If there is a very attractive business idea, just think for the basic steps that are necessary for its implementation and roughly sketch out the costs and revenues, which in your opinion (try to be realistic) can be obtained from the implementation of this idea on the plan.<br />15. Marketing wisdom: there is (almost) of the proposal, which would be interesting to all. Even the suggestion of $ 1 million for free will only a certain category of interested consumers, and will definitely be those who will be interested.<br />18. Dialectics of doing and not-doing. When sending jobs to another person sometimes qualitatively explain the job and person to monitor the results will take more time than do the job yourself, and sometimes vice versa. Weighed.<br />21.Tratte time conceptually. Think of more things, but do only those that generate enough money fast return and continue to bring it and bring this time without your intervention.<br />23. Planning. The vast majority of business people who have made significant progress, daily planning time. Planning for 10-20 minutes. per day will pay for itself entirely due to higher performance later in the day.<br />24. How to distinguish a place where there are a lot of money? Big money is mostly associated with a systematic set of results of work of a large number of people malooplachivachivaemyh (such as in the production of goods), or the results of low-paying jobs that can be used multiple times, each time a profit (for example, how to write a book and a share of sales, or sales in software or in the financial sector). The key word here ... a lot<br />27. Two qualities that are important for the business: creativity (the ability to invent new solutions and problems) and systematic (the ability to see the controlled complex in detail, and dynamics of relationships, not one-sided).<br />28. Move the money in two ways: on the surface and vglub.Mobilny people can quickly move from one subject that looks promising, and to another in a relatively short period of time to find one that actually brings good dengi.Talantlivy person can take one subject and relatively quickly to work deep into her, becoming her assom, thereby making money above average.<br />29. If you have a business idea, before embarking on is very useful to make a simple prikidochny business plan and show it to more accomplished and experienced financial and business people.<br />32. A successful business is to continuously improve its system of state income - no matter of personal time to controlling a large corporation. However, it is not necessary to optimize all that catches your eye.<br />34. Useful decision rule: invest time and money in the main there, from whence comes income.<br />39.Ekonomiya - another resource. You should not save everything. Save to systematically: only then, and to the extent that does not lead to the loss of something else through another channel.<br />45. Silence - gold. To be able to speak well, have to be able to be eloquent and convincing it is necessary, but apply it only when justified, either by dealing with people, which depends on your wealth, or at public appearances. In all other cases - conciseness.<br />46. If the business is not the main reason - bad management, including strategic. People related to bad luck and lack of external opportunities for the most part telling the whole story or wrong. The law - the internal factor and external only provide fluctuations.<br />55. Wealthy to be a bore. Tediousness - is the ability not to feel bored by details, ugly, and many attempts.<br />57. Wealth - is a pyramid. At the top of most of those who optimize all, he knows or feels, and most follow all the principles that contribute to success. To earn at least some money, not necessarily to optimize all, but the results will be significantly huzhe.Kak develop intuition in business. You need to look at the good and bad decisions, their own and others, and try to remember what a feeling when you experience this.<br />61. When offered something millionaire is likely he will refuse. Why? Because the millionaire is very sensitive to everything is negative. "If there is at least one hole, which can ooze money, they will necessarily flow out there." And that suggest that in most cases, there is something negative. Millionaire property has mercilessly kill all the bad options at all, significantly, on CD. As ..<br />63. Wisdom of marketing: do not sell a thing and the positive emotions and the benefits it can bring to the owner.<br />66. How to distinguish good sense of the real idea of ??the unreal? The idea that there is a feeling of elation is likely unrealistic, or at best unrealistic at the moment, ie prezhdevremenna.Ot real good idea to remain a little boring, fairly neutral or moderately positive feeling.<br />68. Money, especially large ones, there is usually no one, even brilliant ideas, but from a number of very good ideas, different scales used in the same direction.<br />73. What should be the approach to business: if all you did turned into ashes, ashes, use as fertilizer for flowers, and flowers sell.<br />75. If the idea seems perfect, it does not mean that there are no flaws, it means that you do not see them.<br />81. Make an beneficial terms. Agreement - this is a huge resource. The agreements (both oral and written) may occur very "unbalanced" conditions and to defend them - due to the fact that you have a resource, interesting for the other side. Based on the availability of the resource, you can bargain for a very favorable (there is a concept bargaining power - bargaining leverage, ie the presence of resource commitment on the other hand, allows to extract concessions).<br />84. The concreteness of thinking. Business must specifically myshlenie.T.e. you need to plan their actions and at the same time thinking about how to achieve the goal in terms of not (only) abstract but close to reality and to specific objects and people.<br />85. Optimize all vazhnoe.Esli your business is at the crossroads of a number of sets (for example, many potential employees, products, markets, partners, etc.), then select from each set of the best, as a rule, do not be satisfied with the first got.<br />90. Partners choose the paranoid. Look closely at their business partners. If you think this person, working alone, would have earned significantly less than you, if you will work independently, with it you should not work. Good partners - is the capital. Work with people who are better than you. Even if it's an old friend, you can maintain friendly relations, but to break the business, if you are a bad person to be a partner.<br />92. Learn how to make money "out of thin air." Almost all the millionaires are able to make money out of nothing, otherwise they would not have become millionaires. At the initial stage of the business do not put money and effort into projects that generate less than 500% per annum on a conservative calculation based on realistic input data. If you do not come to the idea of ??such businesses, then you must first puzzled by this problem and look for ideas. And having found the idea of ??carefully optimized to improve even in theory, bringing it to the point of profitability. If not - find another idea and try to optimize it. Without this, even count on a successful business.<br />100. How many of those interested will buy it? If you have ads and contacted 10 people and they say that may be interested to buy (in this case know the price), will buy about 1. However, this figure may in special cases, vary from 3 to 20 and depends on the scope and quality of sales support. Strange, but this estimate is almost any kind of business. When the business model calculates for a completely new business, you can navigate to it.<br />103. Sale of information - a great business. It brings a very significant profit. Take, for example Microsoft. The reason - a very cheap copy information. Ie being a once produced, it can be profitable again and again, as a result of margin can be 1700%.<br />The advantage of the old 113. Try to make the most of what is already there, you and others, when you create something new. As a rule, it reduces risk and increases profits. If it is not you and others - can agree on the use of mutually beneficial terms.<br />114. Delegate and control. Foliate the task of managing the fact that it is necessary to make sure you personally and what might make someone else.<br />115. Demographic features of the selection of staff. to the question of selection personala.Dopuskayu that in principle there are people under the age of the male 23 years old who are able to work reliably, without creating problems for the employer, but I have never seen such. The girls in this area - people are much more reliable, beginning at age 18.<br />118. Be professional. To succeed in a certain direction, often need to become a professional. What is different from the pro or amateur beginner? He knows most of the connections and patterns significantly affect the outcome of this activity.<br />138. Choose your business on mental abilities. Mental ability - is that we laid in nature and something with which we were lucky or unlucky in the education and training in the family.<br />140. Duplicate. suppliers, customers and other entities that affect the functioning of your business must be at least two different (if you just do not have special considerations in this regard in a particular case). Almost no one on the market has extremely high reliability, so that your business has not ceased to function as one of the subjects stopped doing what he did for any reason, you should always have someone on the left.<br />157. Attention to detalyam.Veroyatnost success and effectiveness of your business, sadly, often depend on small, imperceptible at first glance parts that are not emotionally meaningful. If you look at "naked eye" the feeling "you will think, what garbage!". as if to count more carefully, it turns out that from this garbage affects your profit by 20%, for example.<br />161. To protect themselves from competitors in the absence of know-how, you can get through the temporary advantages: if you start early, and competitors know about you but at some point when you've gone far enough, you have to cr. least several months while the competitors will gain momentum to get the excess and take steps to preserve the lead.<br />166. To die, to survive. In our fast-changing time is not enough to live my life once. Every few years it may be useful to give up everything, erase their history (or rather, send it to the archive) and start all over again, better - as you already now, with the position of this experience, learned how to do it.<br />170. Transform ideas. If you have a brilliant business idea, you have tried it and it turned out badly or not work, instead of it all refuse, analyze the causes of failure and consider how they can be eliminated.<br />178. Boldness of thought. You know that you can miss a super opportunity, simply because I did not bother to a) want the maximum b) review the emerging opportunity to do this? You habitually gun away at anything that even slightly resembles a huge profit, because acting on a "too good to be true."<br />183. Business - it's not serious, change all of that does not like. Go to the vector of profit, change in your business all that was found to perform poorly or not produced the expected result, if you have thoughts like this to improve. If you've spent 10 years creating something, and it turned out that the same can be done much faster and easier, throw what you did (previously thought as to whether there is something more useful to inherit before dropping) and take new.<br />211. The best ideas come in three places: in the bed, bath and bus (bed, bath, bus). (C) Dr. B. Banzai, an American physicist.<br />227. Operate only the business concept, with clearly defined borders. To succeed, you need to perfectly represent not only what your business is, but what is not. Most often, giving the REAL profit concept - narrowly focused, niche.<br />246. If your business is essential people, think about what would happen if they leave.<br />248. There are no losers - there are people who give up too quickly. Nothing in the world is no substitute for persistence. Do not replace the talent - there is nothing ordinary talent loser. Do not replace a genius - the unrecognized genius is almost proverbial. Do not replace education - the world is full of educated golodrantsev. Omnipotent but persistence and determination.<br />255. If you live there, where it is difficult to make money, you can: 1) move 2) to conduct business with other regions and countries 3) to conduct business over the Internet.<br />264. Hire and people smarter than you. It's just intelligent systems with speech interfaces that perform in your business specific tasks. Although they are more complex internally, with t.zr. management, they function much like other people, only more delicate with them.<br />296. Before you hire employees, think well, is it possible to improve the business model so that employees are not required. Employees - are always a lot of new problems and bottlenecks, and if so to take these issues, we take care of high returns.<br />311. Principle to make a 1.5-2 times higher: DO TODAY! Ie when did the idea or opportunity, it is often better to implement immediately even if you later will be slightly better conditions.<br />338. Do not criticize new people with whom relations are important, if not taken special measures to preserve the relationship (such as wages), or if you're convinced that people comfortable with the criticism. Criticisms do delicate and benevolent. Otherwise, contact can be destroyed.<br />368. Hits mistake entrepreneurs: try to do everything myself. Especially when I tried to delegate authority and did hard time. This means that the delegate should be competent, rather than delegate that is not necessary. Give to make others - another way of strategic growth there.<br />389. How to choose the topics of business. Oriented like that to begin with because What do not like it - usually not be effective. And then even within the framework of that love - you think it is more efficient in terms of money and come up with various schemes.<br />448. If there is a great idea to implement it in the next few years, or more likely you are implementing it at all. Over time, it will depreciate, or forgotten, or the right conditions for the implementation for you and will not come.bentonyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02312361246421442699noreply@blogger.com3tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5142800079838596370.post-79162562145728195392011-07-13T08:44:00.029-07:002011-07-13T08:44:54.710-07:00Business - a systemBusiness - it is sure to work with people. And indeed it is. But still it will be right to say a little differently - "Business is to build systems and to attract people who make this system work for you." This definition is not my invention and is taken from the book by R. Kiyosaki "Cash Flow Quadrant." In this book provides a clear description of all three types of business - systems, and I will not reinvent the wheel, but simply reproduce written there, adding the author's own comments.<br /><br />Own<a name='more'></a>system. In this case we are talking about developing your own business - systems. This must be done to entrepreneurs who already have some existing business to break the vicious circle described in the 9th issue of Distribution. If you do not have any business, it is necessary to organize it with thinking through the business - systems. This process consists of simple steps. Well the process of creating their own business - the system is described in the book by Michael Gerber's "Creation of an enterprise that would work." If you are a happy owner of this book - you're in luck! Unfortunately, these "lucky" is extremely small. This book was published in Russian in 1996, circulation 10 000 copies and, as far as I know, no more editions. The next few releases will focus on distribution issues to develop its own business - systems, and will be written to use the materials of this particular book. The fact that it is written, I checked in practice, and it really works. But an overview is no substitute for a detailed description. So try if you're interested, find it, and you get a clear step by step, a detailed description of the process of creating a business - systems. For those wishing to create their own big business, this book is simply indispensable. The fact that all have to invent and build yourself - it's probably a lack, but the undeniable advantage of his own business - the system is the fact that, starting with a small company, you can become the master of a very big business.<br /><br />Franchising. We are talking about buying the company "turnkey". The most famous example of franchising are restaurants "McDonalds". This also includes a shop kategrii "Kodak". In principle, anyone can become the owner of this company. Enough to have the necessary amount of money, and find a seller of business "turnkey". And you get a ready-made business. With the equipment, with trained staff ..., ie with a finished business - by the system. Vlad and make profit. What not to do when buying a business "turnkey", so it's something to change it. Typically, a business - a system of this company worked through, and the clearer you are performing vendor recommendations, the greater your profit. And that is that when buying a business "turn key", you get an excellent and proven business - a system that already "knows how to make money" - a big advantage of franchising. For obvious disadvantage is the need "to possess a sufficient amount of money."<br /><br />Network marketing (multi-level marketing, direct distribution business). In this case, it is that you become part of an existing system. I have to say that I was amazing to read from Kiyosaki, which is a very big businessman, the council to do network marketing. I am familiar with this business - the system long enough, and my acquaintance with her flowing very well, but I often heard about her disparaging comments - but here "as a balm no heart." I can not help but result in a short passage - "One of my old friends, earned in 1997, more than a billion dollars in real estate, recently signed a contract as a distributor of network marketing and began to build their business ... ... When I asked him why he took up the He explained ... ... "First I wanted to help people make money to invest in real estate, and now getting richer from all the new business ... '" (p. 106-107). This fragment is fully consistent with my respect for this business.<br /><br />However, there is in this issue their problem. Many network marketing companies operating in the Russian market can not be attributed to the system business. That is why, in the eyes of the business associated with the "peddlers with their bags," anxious to sell someone something. Strongly "image cloud" and various pyramid schemes masquerading as network marketing.bentonyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02312361246421442699noreply@blogger.com5tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5142800079838596370.post-4009462590899809912011-07-13T08:44:00.027-07:002011-07-13T08:44:49.520-07:00All gold of the worldGeneral de Gaulle was a businessman and did not receive education in economics, but he made it the loudest a deal in the history of global finance, has turned into paper money<br /><br />In the spring of 1965 in New York harbor was a French ship at anchor. Since the war began. The ship was not fighting, but it holds a weapon with which Paris had hoped to win the financial battle with the United States. The French brought to the U.S. dollar bills for 750 million in order to get them for "real money" - that<a name='more'></a>is gold. It was only the first installment, invoiced the U.S. Federal Reserve. Then off they went. Fort Knox, where gold reserves kept the U.S. in the end could not resist the flow of paper banknotes, and the gold standard fell. Universal measure of value money turned into a virtual unit of account is not secured in the long run nothing but the good name or that the central bank governor, whose signature is on the banknotes. And the blame for all this was one man - Charles Andre Joseph Marie de Gaulle.<br /><br />Casus belli<br /><br />The French president, incidentally, did not intend to infringe on the gold standard, which ensured stability of the global financial system. Quite the contrary - his plan was to consolidate the gold and the dollar is not the role of a universal equivalent.<br /><br />It all started February 4, 1965. "It's hard to imagine that he could be a different standard than gold - to enlighten journalists on its traditional briefing at the Elysee Palace President of the French Republic. - Yes, gold did not change its nature: it can be in bars, sticks, coins; it has no nationality, it has long been accepted and the world for their continued value. Of course, even today, the value of any currency is determined on the basis of direct or indirect, real or alleged ties to gold. "<br /><br />General, in his classic manner - slow and it's important - read a piece of paper, but on the whole felt that this text is familiar and close to him before each comma. De Gaulle looked around the room over his glasses full of the Elysee Palace and continued to dry, spent voice: "In the international exchange of supreme law, the golden rule, here it is appropriate to say, the rule which should be restored - is an obligation to provide balance of payments of different currency areas by real revenues and expenses of gold. "<br /><br />As soon as the creator of the Fifth Republic, stopped talking, the press rushed away from the hall to the telephone sets, set side by side. Everyone understood that the only formally declared war. War of the dollar. De Gaulle offered not to recognize the postwar redistribution of the financial world in favor of the dollar as the main currency, practically equated to gold, and called back in to the system of international payments, which existed before the world wars. In other words, return to the classical gold standard, where any currency only has real value, when literally worth its weight in gold.<br /><br />"The old man finally gone mad" - gasped at the White House, U.S. President Lyndon Johnson, who brought that was sent from the embassy in Paris, a telegram with report of a press conference De Gaulle. Americans are caught between the war in Vietnam and the problems in the Caribbean, had hoped that the French leader's rhetoric antidollarovaya remain only words. Did not he himself said: "The politician so do not take for granted the words, which always surprised when others understand it literally?" But this time everything was different. General, frankly homesick for France's imperial past, preparing for the "golden Austerlitz."<br /><br />Time itself push him. Charles de Gaulle soon be filled with seventy-five. He had no doubt that in December 1965, the French re-elected him to seven years for the first time - by direct universal suffrage. Neither the French president has never had such broad authority, as he fitted the constitution under the considerable growth. Later, the general says, "When I wanted to know what he thinks France, I asked myself." But it will happen, even in isolation from the government. And now he had to take this strong boundless power to win France's place in the economic sun.<br /><br />Gold rush<br /><br />Joseph Caillaux, the former finance minister of a cabinet of Georges Clemenceau, once told de Gaulle anecdote. At the auction, "Drouot" in Paris, was put up for sale painting by Raphael. Arab, to buy a masterpiece, offered oil, Russian - gold, and an American, stuffing the price spreads for a stack of hundred dollar bills Raphael and gets a masterpiece for 10 thousand dollars. "What's the trick here?" - De Gaulle was surprised. "And in that, - said the former minister, who, for his stormy life and the prison, and the glory - that Americans bought Raphael ... for three dollars. The cost of the paper on which is printed a one hundred dollar bill - only three cents."<br /><br />Three cents! Only formally gold ... The will of Washington, who wanted sole control of the world currency market has been dictated by all countries in World War II. Development of the scheme of the global monetary system was initiated by Anglo-American experts in April 1943. World War II was in full swing. Meanwhile, the economic aspect of world war, in essence, boiled down to a stream of gold flowing through the Lend-Lease program in American barns. For arms, machinery, metals and food products UK, USSR and others to anti-Hitler coalition had to pay American gold, as in a conventional war bills were not worth virtually nothing.<br /><br />Here are some figures. In 1938, the U.S. gold reserve of 13 000 tonnes. In 1945 - 17 700 tonnes. And in 1949 - 21 800 tons. The absolute record! 70 percent of the world's gold reserves at that time. Accordingly, it was the dollar equivalent of the precious metal, only in respect of such currency is fully operated the gold standard. By 1944 the British and the Australians have completely exhausted their gold reserves. Only Stalin continued to send in boxes in Fort Knox gold mines in the Magadan namytoe and Kolyma. And so it went right up to the seventies, when the Soviet Union paid the last debt to Washington under the Lend-Lease. Paid, again, only with gold.<br /><br />De Gaulle and his "elephant memory" - an expression of the general - possessed of this information. From a secret report known economists Robert Jacques Rueff Triffena and prepared in 1959, the General knew that the forced participation of France in the so-called Gold Pool was ruining it. This international structure created under the auspices of the Federal Reserve Bank of New York from the central banks of seven West European countries, including France, acting through the Bank of England. She not only supported in the interests of Washington's global gold prices at $ 35 per ounce (oz in slightly more than 31 grams), but also trade gold, reporting monthly to the U.S. financial authorities on their work. If you had to increase the amount of metal sales, the participants returned the pool of American gold reserves of their own. If the pool is more buying than selling, the difference was divided into a humiliating relationship: half Americans departed, half - all the rest. She got it from French, only 9 percent. The experts reported to de Gaulle that the damage from the activities of the Gold Pool, caused by the Europeans, has exceeded $ 3 billion.<br /><br />Naturally, the general could not accept the "gold status quo", a legally issued on the Bretton Woods conference in the UN in 1944. Did not suit him and the Statute of the International Monetary Fund (IMF), the cut on American patterns. "It is impossible to rule with a" but "- repeating de Gaulle. As imposed by the U.S. equivalent of gold and it was his nasty, annoying," but. "More so could not continue:" While Western countries of the Old World are subordinated to the New World , Europe can not become a European ... "And the man better than any other in the world who could say" No "to the Nazis and the Communists, collaborators and allies, superiors and subordinates, went to a" crusade "at Fort Knox.<br /><br />Hold with bank notes<br /><br />"The General has long-standing and very unique" friendship "with the American president - told the correspondent of" Results "shortly before his death, Pierre Messmer, one of the closest associates of de Gaulle, the former prime minister and defense minister of France. - Eisenhower, de Gaulle could not excuse that he was going to become military governor of France. Even in America, printed money from a special in the train drove ... not better developed, and relations with Kennedy. De Gaulle saw him as my father's son, and Verkhoglyad parvenu. The only advantage of a young U.S. president, General - quite seriously - considered Jacqueline, his wife, a Frenchwoman. "<br /><br />How many stories Uninvented French talk about his meetings with Kennedy, de Gaulle! Here is one, told by Konstantin Melnikov, a former adviser to De Gaulle's security and intelligence.<br /><br />During a visit to Paris Kennedy, General proposed to invite the American counterpart to hunt in the forest Rambouillet near Paris.<br /><br />- And to whom Kennedy is going to hunt? - De Gaulle was surprised.<br /><br />- In pheasants, my general.<br /><br />- Oh, this is the fratricidal carnage! ..<br /><br />Kennedy called it "high school" and Johnson and the trenchant - "slaughterhouse". General knew that irritated the American establishment, especially after France stepped up in the early sixties, developing their own nuclear weapons program. Not to mention that in January 1963, de Gaulle rejected the "Multilateral Nuclear Force," created by the Pentagon. And then brought out from under the command of NATO Atlantic fleet in France. By the time the start of the US-there were only two French divisions, instead of fourteen specified once. However, the Americans had no idea that it was just flowers!<br /><br />In 1965 de Gaulle was officially proposed to his U.S. counterpart Lyndon Johnson exchanged for gold and a half billion dollars of cash from the French state reserves, "Surely the U.S. currency to exactly reversible, so long as it does not require invertibility?" Washington said that such an action in France can be regarded as unfriendly States - with all its consequences. "Politics is too serious thing to trust in his policies," - retorted the general, and announced to withdraw France from NATO's military organization.<br /><br />In the future, Americans talked mostly Parisian financial professionals. "All formalities are complied with. The Bank of France is ready now to show exactly half the amount called the U.S. Treasury. Money is delivered," - read the official who came to Washington a dispatch from Paris. Exchange under the rules of the Gold Pool could only be in one place - the U.S. Treasury. In the hold of the first French "money" waiting for the ship unloading $ 750 million. At an exchange rate of 1.1 grams of gold per dollar flight from the dollar turned out to Paris with good results. 825 tons of gold - it's no joke. And the approach was the second ship in the same amount on the board. And it was only the beginning. By the end of 1965 from $ 5.5 billion French foreign exchange reserves in dollars was no more than 800 million.<br /><br />Of course, de Gaulle was not alone, "threw" the dollar. But the French currency intervention has created a dangerous precedent for America. After the French pulled unpredictable change dollars into gold bars and zealous Germans. Only they were clever straight general. White House to the leadership of Federal Chancellor Ludwig Erhard, the economics professor and a staunch monetarist, pointedly criticized the French for "treachery." And the sly collected dollars from the treasury bundesrespubliki and put them in front of Uncle Sam: "We are allies, is not it? Swap, since promised!" Moreover, the amount was several times more than a half billion dollars of French. The Americans were amazed at such impertinence, but were forced to change their "green" into gold. And now to the real values ??of the central banks pulled in other countries, Canada, Japan ... The then reports on the state U.S. gold reserves are similar to front-line summary of incurred losses in the fighting. In March 1968, Americans for the first time restricted the free exchange dollars for gold. By the end of July 1971 the gold reserve of America fell to the lowest, according to U.S. authorities, the level - less than $ 10 billion. And then something happened that went down in history as the "Nixon shock". August 15, 1971, U.S. President Richard Nixon, speaking on television, today announced the complete abolition of the gold backing the dollar. The IMF had only to announce that from January 1978 Bretton Woods agreement is ordered to live long. Emission of world currencies began made on the basis of the financial pyramid, without checks and balances.<br /><br />Golden shock<br /><br />By the way, from the golden shock America has not recovered yet. According to the World Gold Council, the U.S. remains the world's largest holder of gold - their stock in 2003 exceeded 8.2 thousand tons. But before the recovery of the stock, which had in the States during the heyday of the gold standard, far away.<br /><br />However, de Gaulle did not achieve the goals set before him, sets out wide-ranging exchange dollars for gold. Noble metal left for International Settlements, the dollar remained. With the abolition of the gold standard, he became the main reserve currency, replacing gold in essence as a universal equivalent. Replacement, though not quite adequate. In contrast to the gold dollar is subject to significant fluctuations.<br /><br />Bank Merrill Lynch analysts have counted more dollar crises - in 1977-1978, then 1987-1988, 1990 and in 1994-1995. Now the situation has worsened the appearance of a new contender for the role of major world currencies - the euro. In 2007, the dollar has lost more than 10 percent of its value against a basket of convertible currencies. Euro also rose against the dollar by 12.5 percent, surpassing the recent level of 1.5 dollars per euro.<br /><br />However, the system still works. The administration of U.S. President George W. Bush, even caught up in the trade and budget deficits, forcing the world to pay for American debt. Almost every year, the U.S. Congress forced the consideration of budget bills to raise the national debt ceiling, approached the mark of $ 9 trillion. Structural problems are growing, need more money. And they still come to the U.S. economy.<br /><br />For Washington, it is imperative that countries with excess foreign currency, primarily China, Japan and Russia, continued to buy large amounts of U.S. debt. That is pointless to save money and save dollars. Because the size of dollar reserves of the three aforementioned countries are so great that buy them, in fact, nothing is impossible. On the whole this is not enough gold in the world. A purchase of, say, factories in the U.S. by foreign government can not - the U.S. law will not allow it. There is a tendency for the growing national debt devalues ??America's foreign exchange reserves of other countries and forces them to finance the U.S. deficit. At the same time Europe and Asian countries are not interested in the global financial crisis, central banks and, therefore, these countries tend to support the U.S., buying all the new debt.<br /><br />However, unlike the gold standard virtual monetary system much less stable. Many central banks have deliberately reduced the share of U.S. securities in their reserves, and this trend is unlikely to be stopped. The dollar still remains the single conventional measure of value, being a national currency and the U.S.. And this fatal contradiction becomes more tangible. Thus, during the crisis all the resources you can throw on a potential strengthening of the dollar as the gold standard, but then things get worse in the U.S. economy or to support the American economy infusions of cheap dollars, but then begins to crumble the global equivalent of the cost. Republican President Bush isolationist, he favored the dollar as national currency. So, today, finally goes into oblivion as a unified idea of ??the dollar measure of value. You may have to return to some semblance of a gold standard, where the measure of value is, say, the average "basket of currencies". Or invent a new universal money, for example, based on unit of energy.bentonyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02312361246421442699noreply@blogger.com17tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5142800079838596370.post-18780258086312807852011-07-13T08:44:00.025-07:002011-07-13T08:44:48.677-07:00Top 10 investment vehiclesGold is considered the most reliable investment instrument. Low risk, guaranteed return. When investing $ 5 thousand for a deposit account in gold - 15% return for the year.<br /><br />Investment idea<br /><br />Investing in gold occupy the sixth position in the ranking of the contracts. It is considered the most reliable investment instrument: precious metals is steadily increasing in price, the stock upheavals, political and economic turmoil but urged on rise in gold prices. Last year, the cost of an ounce (31.1<a name='more'></a>grams) rose by 32% (according to National Bank), the world markets bullion reached a record $ 900 an ounce. In 2008, the growth rate value of the yellow metal a little bit slow - up to 20-25%, analysts said.<br /><br />Forecast<br /><br />The advantage of investing in gold - the cost of the instrument stability over the long term. Prices of precious metals change dramatically about every 7-10 years - no more. "The gold is in constant demand, stabilizing the price of precious metals at the possible market fluctuations. It is not inflated asset such as options or futures, gold at any moment can be realized, "- explains Vladimir Pischany, head of operations with precious metals VAB Bank. About 50% of all mined gold is used in the jewelry industry, the remaining 50% - in electronics, dentistry, finance.<br /><br />The main reason for rise in price of precious metals in 2007 - the instability of the Western stock markets. In 2007, the company launched the world bank and the stock crises, caused by problems in the mortgage market in the U.S.. Investors began to transfer funds into reliable tools - gold, government bonds of European countries and America. There were funds that invest in yellow metal.<br /><br />Rising value of gold in 2008<br /><br /><br />Analysts predict a slight slowdown in the price of gold in 2008 - to about 25-30% per year. At the market will continue to affect the stock, financial and economic crisis in the U.S.. Will play an important role speculators. In 2001, the change in the price of gold at 1-2% per day was a phenomenon out of the ordinary. Now the daily fluctuations in the range of $ 25-30 per ounce (2.3% of value) - the norm. According to Vladimir Pischanogo if speculators continue to actively trade gold on world markets, the value of bullion for the year grow by 20-30%, while prices will fluctuate wildly. Speculators leave the market to remain investors with long-term strategy - in 2008 the precious metal will rise in price up to 10%.<br /><br />The risk of investing in gold - a dramatic slowdown in growth (to 2-5% per annum) or completely fall in market prices. Average cost of an ounce in 1980. was $ 750, the historical maximum - $ 800. In the 1990s, gold was worth $ 500-600, above $ 700 per ounce price of the precious metal does not rise. Threshold of $ 800 gold just broke in 2007, now stand at $ ingots 900-950 per ounce. It is not excluded that, in 2009-2010. growth rate will slow down the precious metal. If an investor expect to earn on an instrument to invest in gold in mid-to late 2008, a two-digit rate of return he can in 10 years, warns Vladimir Pischany.<br /><br />However, to earn 20-30% of the Ukrainian gold deposits is unrealistic. The difference between the buying and selling bullion in domestic banks is 10%, but because the real income of Ukrainian investors in precious metals in 2007 was only 18-20%. If this year the price of gold on the world market will rise by 10% and return on investment in gold would be zero.<br /><br />The rankings of investment instruments to assess the attractiveness Contracts 10 tools available to Ukrainian investors.<br /><br />Note: the difference between buying and selling of large ingots at the best prices, purchases and sales of 2-3%.bentonyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02312361246421442699noreply@blogger.com15tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5142800079838596370.post-73232115593843857232011-07-13T08:44:00.023-07:002011-07-13T08:44:40.121-07:00Rating exotic bank depositsBank deposits like everything. And the income derived from them fixed, and the amount paid in the event of bank failure is guaranteed up to 50 ths. So that almost nothing can disturb sleep investor - no reports of a change of government, nor the mortgage crisis in the U.S. or the fall of stock indices. :) But if all bank deposits we have studied? Presumably, no.<br /><br /> For example, some of them reaches 30% of income per year! And how many people know about it? Unit. To remedy the situation. "Money"<a name='more'></a>for the first time in Ukraine prepared list of the most exotic of bank deposits: multicurrency, in precious metals, in rubles, and the Swiss franc, as well as an advance payment of interest. True, we draw the reader's attention that in some cases, the risks of such investments is still more important than in an ordinary bank deposits in the national currency or foreign currency.<br /><br />When work is over rated exotic deposits has just begun, "Money" were full of optimism<br /><br />. You bet! After about alternative contributions written little, and during the currency fluctuations and rising prices for gold, they can be very interesting to any investor who wants to earn or to diversify risks.<br /><br />So we were pleased to open our readers of new investment opportunities and find out every last detail. But to the extent that, as increasing numbers of those surveyed bankers, thawed and our enthusiasm.<br /><br />Alas, not so many alternatives to conventional deposits offered by banks to their customers. (We have identified only four of the "alternative" deposits - metal accounts, deposits in rare currency (the Russian ruble, the Swiss franc), multi-currency deposits and deposits with an advance payment of interest.<br /><br />It is particularly disappointing paucity of choice of conditions in each of these groups. For example, deposits in rubles offer only two banks, as well as deposits in francs. But what are the "rules of the game," suggested to us by banks. And yet, even at this bezrybe we found something to make money. :)<br /><br />You are our gold!<br /><br />Just how profitable are now investing in gold, "Money" written repeatedly. Therefore, we will not be repeated, describing the benefits of "metal" deposits. We will only say that the net income this year they outdid hryvnia deposits. Only the price of gold per year increased by more than 27%, and yet this must be added another, and 1 - 2% return on the deposit. Not bad, eh?<br /><br />What pleased us, "gold" deposits, so that a variety of offers! Find banks offering a deposit of gold, it was easy enough. On the other hand, banks are healthy rate of return varies depending on the size of the deposit. Therefore, we even had to share the "metallic" deposits on three separate groups - is the minimum deposit (from 50 - 100 g, 500 g and 1000 g), and we reytingovali them, respectively, separately, but with the preservation of common principles .<br /><br />With the largest weight, we take into account the rate of return, ie, interest and penalty rates and the "availability" of the deposit - in the sense that the minimum contribution. Also, take into account the existence of possible replenishment of the deposit, the ability to bring to the bank "their" gold, and the number of service points, where the contribution can be opened.<br /><br />Yield "metal" deposits varies within 1 - 5% per annum. In addition to the size of the contribution, profitability depends on its duration. The most viable are the contributions for a year or more (from 2% to 5%). It is noteworthy that the rate of annual, biennial, and eighteen months deposits at most banks do not differ. It is possible to open a "metallic" and a deposit for a shorter period, say, half a year. These deposits offer VAB-Bank, Imex bank, "Finance and Credit" Kreditprombank. But do not count on receiving more than 2% per annum.<br /><br />A chance to recharge - a rare phenomenon for the "gold" deposits. Allowed to replenish these deposits only Ukreximbank, Ukrsotsbank, Imex Bank and SCB "Dnister". The minimum recharge amount is 50 - 100 grams of metal. Only "Ukrsots" democratically ready to enroll dovlozhenie of 1 g.<br /><br />Prematurely withdraw money from the "metallic" contribution is not recommended. Penalties are very severe. Some banks, for example, Imex bank, Ukrsotsbank Brokbusinessbank Transbank and completely refuse to pay the accrued interest for early withdrawal of deposits. (The average penalty rate is 0.1 - 0, 25% per annum. The most democratic, diversified punitive rates - at TAS-Commerzbank, CSC "Dnister" and "Ukrainian Professional Bank".<br /><br />Rare bird<br /><br />Worst situation with multi-currency deposits and deposits in a few currencies. Unfortunately, we were able to find only a few banks that offer deposits of this type. So honestly admit that the rating on these types of deposits has not turned out. How can you reytingovat two or three of the bank? : (<br /><br />Despite the fact that loans in Swiss francs were quite common, open a deposit at this remarkably stable currency can be only two banks - Ukreximbank and "OTP Bank." Their proposals do not differ - 4.5% per annum on the annual deposit. The size of the minimum contribution from the two banks of 500 units of currency. Open a deposit and can not in every department, will likely have to go to the head office.<br /><br />Ruble deposits also offer just two of the bank - "Forum" and Oschadbank. Moreover, these two conditions differ greatly. If the "Forum" is willing to pay 9% per annum for his contribution to 12 months, "Oschad" modestly limited to 3%. The bank "Forum" also allows you to replenish the ruble contribution to that "dinosaur Ukrainian banking sector" strongly disagree. Incidentally, when the correspondent of "Money" recognize the contributions of Oshchadbank, he in not a very correct manner asked why he did. :)<br /><br />Starting to gather information about the multi-inputs, we faced a problem of terminology. Each bank is meant by "multi-currency deposit" something different. For example, the bank "Nadra" opens at the same time three deposit accounts for the enrollment of different currencies. A UkrGasBank offers dual currency account (hryvnia / dollar.) Value for money pre-negotiated introduced the hryvnia to the dollar - as 5:1. Because at this stage the bank smooths exchange rate differences, the rate of both currencies have one - 13% per annum. But we selected only those multi-currency deposits, which allow the term of the agreement to transfer the deposit from one currency to another.<br /><br />These deposits offer just three banks: Pravex Bank, Bank "Forum" and the bank index. Moreover, the bank "Forum" this contribution is a promotional and is only valid until January 31, 2008. (The most interesting terms for "multivalyute" in Index-Bank, which offers deposit in three currencies - the hryvnia / dollar / euro. Others are limited to a bunch of dollar / euro. However, the index of bank - one who charges a fee for converting a , 3% of the amount.<br /><br />Interest in advance<br /><br />"Advance" deposits involve the payment of interest at the opening of the deposit. Such deposits, fortunately, was typed on a full rating. :) Even though we have cut all hard "defective" proposals, in the sense of those where "the advance interest payment" means payment of the accrued income, not the entire amount. The main indicators used to calculate the final rate, were interest rates, penalties for early termination and the minimum deposit amount. Other indicators for these deposits and can not be, because they do not require capitalization of interest (all long shot), the possibility of replenishment and, especially, the possibility of early withdrawal.<br /><br />In principle, these deposits, except for interest payments ahead, do not differ from normal savings. Is that the rates are somewhat lower. Of hryvnia deposits for the year the contribution can be obtained from 12% to 15% for deposits in U.S. dollars - from 7% to 11% in the euro - from 4% to 10%.<br /><br />Penalties for early termination of the "upfront" contributions also differ little from those used for standard deposits. The only difference is that the recalculation of penalty interest rate difference is taken from the deposit amount. Not a very pleasant procedure, but where to go.bentonyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02312361246421442699noreply@blogger.com3tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5142800079838596370.post-4772331198933854722011-07-13T08:44:00.021-07:002011-07-13T08:44:39.304-07:00What is the difference 583 from 585?To answer this question clearly difficult. Gold - one of the precious metals, which are very long, almost to the end of XVIII century there were two - silver and gold, do not change under the action of air, moisture and heat. At the turn of XVIII - XIX centuries. were added platinum and four of its satellites: rhodium, palladium, osmium, and iridium. A fifth of its companion - ruthenium, which opened in 1844.<br /><br />In the Russian Federation to set the gold samples: 375, 500, 583, 750, and 958. In the<a name='more'></a>metric system samples the first two digits indicate the percentage content of precious metal in 1000 parts of alloy. For example: 750-I trial - pure gold content of 75%, other 25% - impurity metals other than gold included in the composition of the alloy, they are called - the ligature.<br /><br />In England, the USA, Switzerland and some other countries use a carat system tests. A sample of pure metal is taken as 24 carats (sample 1000). Thus, 958 test matches a 23-carat, 750 - 18 585 - 14-carat. Generally, gold is found in nature almost exclusively in the native state, in the form of small grains disseminated in quartz or silica sand. All gold compounds are easily decomposed by heating with the liberation of metallic gold. It is known that gold is used not only to create jewelry, but also in the glass industry, for creating chemical equipment, medicine and photography. But we, as consumers, of course, interested in jewelry.<br /><br />Gold 585 denotes an alloy of gold with other metals for 585 to 415. That is, from 1,000 grams of gold alloy 585 is obtained 585 grams of gold, and the remaining 415 grams - Other metals (alloy). Just a few millennia ago, it was found that the best ligature - a silver and copper. These metals are all improved the physical characteristics of the alloy. Because pure gold is very soft and subject to rapid wear, and its products are easily torn.<br /><br />Often we hear, it's gold - Turkish, it - Italian, and this - the Russian.<br />I first thought about it, hitting a huge market for gold jewelry in Yerevan, where gold is brought, of course, from Turkey. It was much cheaper than here in Russia. And at first glance is even nothing. But the miser pays twice. No, not all there is - a fake, but a cog in the gold watch with diamonds in a couple months went dark ... It's a shame. On the other hand, what I wanted ... Then I zareklas, acquire Turkish gold ... But I do not know what it turns out that Turkish gold is not the case, because he was not extracted! And what if it comes to that, except for Russian gold, we can talk - Australian and South African gold. In fact, if we take absolutely pure gold, there is no way to determine the source of its origin!<br /><br />Still, the concept of gold accessories to a particular territory are available. But where did they come from? Under the traditional Russian understanding gold with a reddish tinge, but in Europe, gold yellowish. The reddish hue is obtained if the alloy is mostly made of copper, and yellow - silver. And all these traditions come from ancient times.<br /><br />On the "Turkish". When Russia began restructuring and hungry to learn Russian rushed spaces of our Earth ... It now seems that everything is going round and is well known, but then Turkey will have attracted an unprecedented color, scents and products ... But the gold-yellow and there. And Russian are accustomed to red. Turks And they add a gold Copper, silver. Accordingly, it has become much easier to view - common medyashka, but the sample does hold. While in Russia, producing slaughter, tyazhelyuschie products (think of grandmother's wedding ring). But the world does not stand still, and the company survived in Turkey, which have become customary to make gold for us in red, that is an alloy of gold, silver and copper. Yes, and why they say that "the Turkish gold" - bad? For example, the Germans do not think so, and being in Turkey, you can always find a German, hung with gold, as native ...<br /><br />And in the East? East - a delicate matter. Neither China nor Japan is not allowed to use alloys - Give them the purest gold and platinum. But such products are broken at the toe. But they do not wear them, and kept in caskets as family heirlooms ... Yes, cute ...<br />Should I believe if you saw in the store a ring of gold with the usual white tops, it's platinum? Platinum - is a very serious metal which are difficult to process, with very high melting point. Therefore, its price rises by 8 times! And what is commonly referred to as platinum - most likely white gold, or a coating of precious metal rhodium.<br />White gold 585 consists of 585 parts gold and ligatures, which consists of a palladium or nickel. This gives the alloy white cast. If the alloy with palladium, the alloy has a white steel color, if the nickel, then a little yellowish, and if it is rhodium-plated, the product gives a cold blue. The cost of platinum in the product from 40-100 dollars per gram!<br /><br />What is the difference 583 from 585? In the USSR, all products are made of gold 583 samples. But times have changed, Russia has to strive towards the West, but the West has a circulation of 14-carat sample. That is an alloy of 24 parts - 14 parts gold and 10 - ligatures. But if you divide 14 by 24, you get 0.5833333. And earlier still, and rounded to the lower side to 583. When the West did not want to buy a gold or strongly reduced the price, then decided to Russian and made 585 as the primary standard. Another difference is that on the gold sample of about 583 still meets the star, whereas the 585 - most so-called "kokoshnik." There are different ways to design - in the form of relief sculpture, scratched with a needle, or painted in a special way.<br /><br />Country-setter of fashion jewelry still is Italy. But Hong Kong is literally coming to her "heels". Malaysia offers a huge number of Chinese factories. Chinese platinum collection - it's beautiful things, design, for which there may still not the best, but their products are high quality products.<br /><br />What can I say, "whose gold is better?" Probably still determine "whose" - wrong, just need to carefully watch the sample and choose what you like, and better specialty stores. Now you know that if a reddish hue - then dominated by the copper alloy, yellow - silver. A platinum may not be worth as much as the usual gold. Good luck!bentonyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02312361246421442699noreply@blogger.com22tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5142800079838596370.post-84539062828547439082011-07-13T08:44:00.019-07:002011-07-13T08:44:38.233-07:00What is a deposit and why do youThe word "deposit" means money deposited with the bank and be returned at a certain time under certain conditions.<br /><br />Depending on the term deposits are divided into two categories: the first of which includes deposits "on demand" and the second - term deposits.<br /><br />Deposit "on demand" are those funds that a depositor at any time can take away from the bank - moving them to another person or organization, or turning into cash over the counter or ATM. This category belong to the funds on your current<a name='more'></a>account.<br /><br />Among fixed-term deposits, in turn, there are three types: short, medium and long term. The former is traditionally include contributions for the period from 1 to 3 months, the second - for the period from 3 to 9 months, the third - for a longer period. Deposits in this category, you can get back only after a certain period of time.<br /><br />What is the meaning of the transfer of its funds on deposit to the bank?<br /><br />Without discussing the issues of safe storage of cash in the closet, the toilet tank and under the mattress, we go straight to the point.<br /><br />For the use of depositors' funds (which are transformed into loans to other customers), the bank pays them compensation in the form of interest. Thus, the funds on deposit generate revenue to its owner. Methods of interest are different: at the end of the period and with a certain period, with and without capitalization. Let us examine these points in detail.<br /><br />Interest accrued at the end of the deposit, simply added to the deposit amount, before he returned to the client. For example, placing the 300 raccoons for 1 year at a rate of 10% per annum, you will receive in a year 300 + (300 * 10%) = 330 raccoons. Similarly, accrued interest on the funds that you hold on your checking account. Once a month or once a day at the same time information system verifies the bank how much money is left in your account, and charges them interest on the basis of the current for current-account interest rate (it is substantially lower than rates on term deposits). The total amount of interest accrued on the account appears, usually once a month.<br /><br />Interest on term deposit can also be transferred to your checking account every month, quarter or year. The sum of the contribution does not change, but you get him a regular income. For example, in the example above, under the same conditions of the deposit, but with monthly interest payments, the investor will receive (300 * 10%) / 12 = 2.5, raccoons every month, and at the end of the deposit - and their 300 raccoons.<br /><br />The described examples refer to the method of interest calculation, without capitalization. With capitalization of interest is a monthly, quarterly or yearly addition of accrued interest to the deposit amount, and in the next period, interest is charged is already on the overall amount. That is, if you use the same example with the capitalization of interest on a quarterly basis and the disbursement of funds at the end of the deposit, we get:<br /><br />1. 300 + (300 * 10%) / 4 = 307.5 raccoons at the end of 1st quarter<br />2. 307.5 + (307.5 * 10%) / 4 = 315.18 raccoons at the end of 2nd quarter<br />3. 315.18 + (315.18 * 10%) / 4 = 323 raccoon at the end of third quarter<br />4. 323 + (323 * 10%) / 4 = 331.07 raccoons at the end of the deposit.<br /><br />The difference in the 1.7 compared to the raccoon variant without capitalization is insignificant, but when your very raccoons fatness, it could be substantial.<br /><br />There are also deposits, which allow dovlozhenie means of contribution. In this case the interest amount will be increased proportionately.<br /><br />The only thing under any circumstances do not make a deposit - this is to take it early. Typically, in this case, the income from it will be approximately equal to the income from its equivalent in the current account. So, before you allocate some money on this investment, make sure that during this time she did not need you urgently.<br /><br />It is also necessary to remember the following important point. The maximum interest rate on deposits in rubles in the Russian Federation should be less than the amount, called the refinancing and established the Central Bank. Its size can always be found on the website of the Central Bank or of special documents. If the interest rate on your contribution exceeds this amount, the difference you have to pay a tax of 35%. So, if you place a deposit for a year at 11% for the refinancing rate of 10%, then your real income will be 10.65% (11 - 1 * 0.35)bentonyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02312361246421442699noreply@blogger.com4tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5142800079838596370.post-49973943038405273812011-07-13T08:44:00.017-07:002011-07-13T08:44:30.763-07:00Pyramid schemes (MLM)It will talk about the pyramids, namely, pyramid schemes (MLM). It really does not matter what the pyramid to use, but then I try to explain the very principles of bubbles, ie in some of them initially impossible to earn or .. or .. or .. Findings do give the reader.<br /> <br /> To begin, perhaps with an explanation of what the majority of participants MlM-pyramids began their earnings on the Internet with systems hype and postmen. They work and earn first 20-30 cents a day and a desire to either increase<a name='more'></a>your income comes pretty quickly. Well, that's earned a certain number of cents surfer and decided to try their luck in the financial pyramid. Webmaster of the pyramid is easier to establish an entrance fee of the order of 10-30 cents. In this scenario, it will be easier to find new members. Let me explain: it is easier to find 10 people willing to pay 20 cents than three are ready to invest a dollar, and that the network was working normally requires a constant influx of new members, and before entering into a pyramid think, and will, if you have the opportunity to attract new members? If not - start it makes no sense.<br />The pyramid must be published date of creation and the number of members. So, here is an example scheme for calculating the income of the participants (purely notional): Suppose there is a pyramid of 100 days and 500 people in it, and the entrance fee $ 1. Then the picture will be about this - divide 500 by three and get the number of active participants = approx. 170. Other new members who have no one caught, and now divide $ 500 by 170 participants and get more than a modest income an active participant. Of course having the opportunity to attract new people may find that an active participant drew 50% of all new members. But we also agreed, that the conclusions you do it yourself .....<br /><br /><br /> Now let us consider the case where the incoming party pays not only for calling him a man, but the administration of the pyramid.<br />Admins convince you that you have to pay for hosting and advertising the project and the participants' web pages, pay and not think about anything that we have here? Now the trade-hosting with support for all necessary functions of the pyramid is a script to average 4-5 $ a month. Advertising - yes! But the admin does not care from whence cometh the new participant and who will pay to join. His they will receive in any way. If you are at least somewhat familiar with the principles of advertising, you will easily understand that these projects share of advertising administration - minuscule, the major advertising campaign crank members. You are certainly familiar with the referral system (transitions in your links) and I want to give a simple example: As above example for ease of account is a contribution of $ 1. Suppose the site of the pyramid comes 1,000 visitors a day. Of these, the project will take no more than 20. And we get 20 / 1000 = $ 0.02 This is Your Referral share, and for free referrals ... which you promised at the beginning and paid for that when joining .... At this rate you will receive one free Refal about a year. With an increasing number of participants increases (approximately in proportion) and the number of active participants, even though new projects to get more active closer to the top of a lot more, and the chances of "free" referrals will always be about the same. Everything here is quite arbitrary, because at different rates and different pyramids rules are slightly different, but a rough picture does not deviate from the truth by 10-15%<br />1. If the admin of the pyramid and take something from the participants for the automation of all processes, then this amount should not exceed 1% of the fee, or entrance fee for the next level in the pyramid - it does not matter.<br />2. As far as the payment of hosting .... Just tell you that advertising covers the cost of hosting at times .. or ten times, depending on the popular website.<br />3. Well pochemub or not charge you a fee for the host, and so then when you roll out and stand on his feet? So that by the end reach a few. Not because I do not want to, but because it was originally a pyramid principle .....<br /><br /><br /> Now consider the pyramid scheme with the restriction on the levels. This is when you have to first referral level 3, 2-m-9, 3rd-27 4th-81 well, and all t.d.A pyramid designed in 1092 by a person and must be built on the idea of ??"Hurrah!" . Well here everything seems clear you need to find three, each of them had 3 and all of the beam and the nose of chocolate. There is, for a touchdown on the guilty look for other conditions for participation. Then you think that this will draw 3 and then let him who I was attracted to try. Figushki you, he has already made his, and spend their time and money is not going. But most interesting is that when you you get only part of the earned, and the rest is reserved for my account to buy the next level of participation in a pyramid. Here at the moment let's backup in greater detail<br />Are mean money in your account's (or rather in your purse admin) and waiting when the next line of your Referral filled completely, it completely! But there should be a slight digression<br /><br />Ponzi scheme - a pyramid and not at all, but something like a tree that is growing still and everything else up roots. In general, you waste is another branch of the main stem. Some branches of your bitch just die out, because, as people often do not want to do the simplest things, and for this reason, do not die and then that branch, and trees. In this particular case I want to say that your bitch will never will grow to 700-800 people in the width, because break the chain of a large number of people - a piece of cake. For example - a complaint that a member spammer, it most likely will remove the site or close member of the pyramid is located on a free host like a 2x2. Because of all the rules of free hosts such forbidden topics and writing to support the site 100% covered.<br /> And your money (some of them) all the time .... and set aside reserved ..... Get you have them? Well I think there is enough, if you're interested you can download and read a book about it. She caught me in six months ago and at that time helped to understand some things. No, not only about the pyramids, but generally that's what. Clearly what am I? We must think less, and to think - more. Good luck gentlemen web entrepreneurs.bentonyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02312361246421442699noreply@blogger.com9tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5142800079838596370.post-13394231610662801592011-07-13T08:44:00.015-07:002011-07-13T08:44:30.020-07:00Take-all, - an action plan?POVERTY already got?<br /><br />Work hard to give, not satisfied with the income, the credits come on the heels, frequent quarrels with the environment, increasing depression, take-all? ... You know what I mean? Black bars are for each person, whatever he was not involved, so arranged ladder of life. But it is not diagnosed and not fate, it's just a "crisis point", which warns of future changes in your life, and these changes have only two directions - the aggravation of a negative situation or the rapid<a name='more'></a>growth<br /><br />"So, what can I do?" - Tell you - "after all I've got a lot of problems and there's no free time ... all the debts are rising and the prospects of any ... I was so hard ..." - STOP! Stop! Reject all negative thoughts and imagine this:<br /><br />Morning. 12-00. You wake up slowly, your head is filled with only pure and positive thoughts, you gently open your eyes. The feeling of joy fills the new day your body, you smile. Stretching in its large and luxurious beds, you go to happy memories of yesterday: "... how good was yesterday night in Paris so amazing!". Quite slowly, you climb out of bed and doing their favorite procedure - admiring the sea view through the window the size of a wall. Knocking at your door mahogany butler says that your breakfast is ready, you are smiling again, because you just think about coffee. Delicious breakfast delicacies Mediterranean Sea and enjoy a delicious Brazilian coffee, you decide to ride on his Maybach in your central office, located in the heart of the city. Making sure that your business is in perfect condition - the pace of growth continues to accelerate, you decide to fly to Amsterdam in a day - one phone call and you're ready to fly away. "Life is beautiful!" - You think back and smile, you're happy ...<br />Life should be like that, and it will be that if you follow my example and start to act according to the plan step by step!<br /><br />STEP I-st<br /><br />What do you really want?<br /><br />What do you think, how to begin any successful business, any grand structure, any piece of art? All around us, from the smallest detail and to fly in space, everything had its origins in someone's thoughts and dreams. The world is filled with an abundance of everything that can bring people joy as the happiness and suffering, but the choice is only for you, which way to go and what to live. A situation in which you are now, was the result of your thoughts and actions in the past, and will only get worse in the future, if you will not change your lifestyle. Stop complaining about everything and everyone, take responsibility for themselves and start to think positively. Do not think about what you do not want, focus only on what they wish, because you want it or not, all you leverage what you think.<br /><br />Actions:<br /><br />1) Dream! After all, dreams reveal the true needs and desires, which gives meaning your actions. Dream about your future, build a head of houses and castles, build and create, and the most interesting record in the "diary of desires" *.<br /><br />2) Aim! As with any arrow needs a target, you need a clear goal and dated. Write in my journal everything that you want to have in a year, including an exact figure in terms of money, you count, add up all their material needs. Do not be afraid to put his big goals, but do not write something in that you can not believe it.<br /><br />Make it mandatory, because without this step, all further actions will be your useless!<br /><br />STEP II-nd<br /><br />What do you believe?<br /><br />Everything works, what you believe. It would not have wanted to be lucky, if you believe otherwise, then you are just lucky to be invisible. And good luck and fortune will not leave you just because of their beliefs and practices themselves turn away from good opportunities and ideas, and once again reaffirming its bad karma. If you think that money just gets the hard work that you all will be so, but from the quick and easy money You give up, coming up with various excuses to type: "it's not for me", "this is another scam", "y I do not have time to do it, "etc. Allow yourself to believe only in positive beliefs for you, do not invent themselves negative sayings about black cats, ladders and spilled salt, think in accordance with their dreams, always be positive. Listen to the advice of successful and positive people, because only they can help you rise above.<br /><br />Actions:<br /><br />1) Make a list of more than 50 options for all kinds of money coming into your life in his diary. Write to all channels without exception, including gifts, lotteries, and any other findings, even the most incredible to you. If its not enough options, use search engines on the Internet, writing the following keywords: "easy money, money, work, profitable ideas, new business, how to earn money, extra income, etc."<br /><br />2) Write down a few (3-5 pcs.) Strongest positive belief, which has the hero of your dreams, for example: "The money coming to me easily and from anywhere." "My earnings are growing by the day." "I love myself and world and the world loves me. "" The money I give comfort, joy and freedom. "" I am successful and strong person. "" I have a divine force of will. "" I am doomed to success. "(in search engines write the word "best affirmation"). Every day, repeat each of them at least 30 times over no less than 21 days, if possible, in a voice and a mirror.<br /><br />Faith can move mountains, not to mention the attraction of wealth. Believe in yourself and your future success and they certainly will please you. Be strong in your endeavors, never give up and do not depart from the path to the dream.<br /><br />STEP III-rd<br /><br />What exactly do you do?<br /><br />What do you spend most of their time? To overcome the current problems, or possible solution to a very serious question? Are they really so serious, so important and significant? My opinion is that it is only important that makes your life and the lives of people close to you better than all the others - it is a waste of time and effort. Tekuchek decision - it's a vicious cycle, once in which a person can not overcome the problem by staying on the same level in which it was created, because instead of every decision, there will be two new again. These difficulties can be solved, only to rise above them, and then they lose their power on their own. Do not let the problems of control over their lives and times, better pay his true goals and dreams.<br /><br />Actions:<br /><br />1) So, before you have to lie diary the following topics:<br />- A list of affirmations - positive your belief and installation (3-5 key, which should be repeated daily for a minimum of 21 days);<br />- Diary of desires - a list of all your material needs with an estimated price equivalent (amended and revised as the desired and the emergence of new needs);<br />- Journal of goals - a description of your material through the future year, summarized the specific monetary sumoy;<br />- A list of money channels - a list of more than 50-D versions of all sorts of parishes of money into your life.<br /><br />2) In the attached file below you will find a table where you want to make your money goal for the coming year. After entering this number, the program will make all the necessary mistakes and bring your business plan for 1 year. The idea of ??this plan is that you will need to earn to receive a daily basis, a minimum sum, that each day will grow by 3%, and you'll need to set aside at least a third of their daily wage. Thus, you can collect for the year you require capital, while not particularly straining. You will understand themselves, examining in detail the resulting business plan. This plan should be printed and pasted in the journal purposes, and the passage of each stage of the tick mark in the left column.<br /><br /><br />Plan<br /><br />Do not forget that any success includes three main components - a true desire, unwavering faith and purposeful action. Can be long and tedious question, but you can just do it. Expect from the Sea weather - it's not mine, I decided to act and what you want? Want to be rich, so make yourself as!<br /><br />EPILOGUE<br /><br /><br />On your marks ... attention ... MARCH!<br />If random, in different countries and social circles, to allocate 100 people and examine their biographies, you will learn the following:<br />One of them - very rich;<br />4 of them - financially independent;<br />5 of them - have died;<br />36 of them - are forced to work;<br />54 of them - financially dependent.<br />Why, only 5 out of 100 people seeking material success in what is their secret? Maybe it was fate so decreed, and maybe they just lucky? Yes, that's lucky! What is luck? Good luck - it's just some lucky cases that occur with the same person. What do you think of how to increase the number of happy events? Of course, the desire and action, and the only way! Nothing happens just like that, everything is the result of previous thoughts and actions, a man chooses his path and he runs his life. Choose your path, and that it had not been going on around you, never give up!<br /><br />Do not forget that your future depends on you. Each day a new resident at least for a little bit better than yesterday, and after a while you'll be amazed at their accomplishments. Rejoice and enjoy what you have now, and life opens up a door to the world of happiness and earthly goods. Do not hesitate and do not hesitate to get busy right now, it's your time, and now it works for you.<br />I sincerely wish you all to realize their dreams.<br />Full speed ahead!bentonyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02312361246421442699noreply@blogger.com3tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5142800079838596370.post-40654399717265264592011-07-13T08:44:00.013-07:002011-07-13T08:44:29.042-07:00Как привлечь богатство в дом?Не буду я спорить с теми, кто говорит, что деньги надо зарабатывать. Надо. Но если есть возможность получить их без особых «трудовложений», то почему бы не попробовать? <br /><br />Существует очень много примет, которые сулят нам «золотые горы». Я, конечно, не обещаю, что это будут миллионы, но, может быть, кому-то повезет еще больше, чем мне? <br /><br />Сначала пару слов о давно устоявшихся и временем проверенных приметах, просто напомню для тех, кто, может быть, забыл.<br /><br />Итак, нельзя:<br />- ставить сумку с кошельком<a name='more'></a>на пол;<br />- давать деньги в долг по вторникам;<br />- давать деньги через порог;<br />- считать деньги в копилке;<br />- подавать милостыню нищим из рук в руки.<br /><br />Необходимо:<br />- раскладывать купюры в кошельке аккуратно расправленными;<br />- брать деньги левой рукой, а отдавать правой;<br />- 10 % доходов отдавать на благотворительность;<br />- общаться с богатыми и успешными людьми;<br />- знать, что у тебя всегда достаточно денег.<br /><br />Что касается примет нестандартных. Оказывается, в первую очередь в доме должен быть порядок. Если в прихожей постоянно валяется обувь - денег не будет (убегут). Окна в квартире должны быть всегда чистыми. В шкафах вещи должны быть аккуратно разложены по полочкам.<br /><br />Учитесь радоваться! Проснувшись утром, улыбайтесь и представляйте себе, какой удачный день будет сегодня. Когда вы радуетесь, вы управляете обстоятельствами. Деньги любят людей успешных, к «буке» они не пойдут.<br /><br />Деньги - это энергия. Они любят быть в движении. Если вы хотите получать больше денег, научитесь их отдавать без сожаления. Бумерангом все к нам возвращается, чем больше отдашь, тем больше получишь.<br /><br />Я не знаю людей, которым бы богатство «падало на голову» в прямом смысле этого слова. Но деньги появляются как-то сами собой. Вы получаете новую должность, неожиданную прибавку к зарплате. Мне, например, выплатили тринадцатую зарплату неожиданно в апреле (хотя обычно ее платят в конце декабря). <br /><br />Ведите себя как богатый человек. Если вы, например, хотите купить машину, то ходите по дорогим салонам, в которых их продают, впитывайте в себя атмосферу богатства, поверьте, что вы этого достойны. <br /><br />Будьте честными. Если вам в магазине дали сдачу больше, чем нужно, верните их. Это проверка вас на честность. В Японии, например, никто не поднимет кошелек на улице - очень плохая примета. Найдешь деньги - потеряешь что-то более важное. Лучше отнести кошелек в милицию. <br /><br />И помните, Вселенная прекрасна, изобильна и щедра. В ней достаточно всего, в том числе и для вас. Нужно только дать ей знать о своих желаниях. Как? Сформулируйте свое желание, лучше напишите его на бумаге и положите в укромное место. И все. Далее вам нужно только одно - отвечать за свои поступки. Думайте только о хорошем, не ругайтесь, совершайте только хорошие поступки, относитесь к людям так, как хотели бы, чтобы они относились к вам. Поверьте, награда не за горами. Вы все получите сторицей. <br /><br />Чем больше вы будете любить, и уважать себя, тем больше к вам будут притягиваться такие же люди, с подобным отношением к вам. Как говорится - не имей сто рублей, а имей сто друзей. Наши друзья – наше богатство, не так ли?<br /><br />Занимайтесь собой, своим развитием и здоровьем, своими детьми. Это тоже наше богатство. <br /><br />Улыбайтесь! Смейтесь! Радуйтесь! Каждому дню, каждой новой встрече, каждому счастливому стечению обстоятельств. К счастливым людям деньги текут прямо в руки. <br /><br />Кто-то скажет, деньги - не главное. Согласна. Но ведь хочется вкусно и правильно питаться, красиво одеваться, учиться на курсах, читать книги, путешествовать, создавать уютный дом, обеспечивать хорошую жизнь своим детям. Все это нужно нам, и без денег в нашем материальном мире не обойтись. И не всегда они достаются тяжелым трудом. Важно заниматься любимым делом и каждый день делать хоть один, но шаг на пути к своей мечте. Мечта - это тоже богатство.bentonyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02312361246421442699noreply@blogger.com6tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5142800079838596370.post-38260236496387195992011-07-13T08:44:00.011-07:002011-07-13T08:44:21.858-07:00How to escape from bullying at workThe concept of "mobbing" (psychological terror on the part of the team) and "bullying" or "bossing" (persecution alone) were included in our everyday life is relatively recent. However, the phenomenon of violence in the team has long been known. Previously used for its designation of the word "hazing", "undercover game," "rat fuss."<br /><br />Share the horizontal (among the staff of one level) and vertical (hierarchical) mobbing. Horizontal mobbing (hazing) is most often used in relation to the novice older<a name='more'></a>employees. Vertical occurs, for example, when a well-established team comes a new chief. Especially if he tries to make a difference in the stagnant environment. Employees are afraid for their jobs, trying to get rid of the new boss, ultimately inflames an entire "guerilla warfare". The opposite situation, when the head begins to harass subordinate to make room for someone from "their" is an example of bullying or bossinga.<br /><br />FOR WHAT?<br /><br />Causes of mobbing are many: it is the poor organization and production process, and the blurred lines of responsibility, duties and powers, and slowness of information dissemination, staff turnover, lack of career advancement and others, including banal and idleness. In any case, the presence of psychological abuse in a group talking about a large rendering company's management. In addition, the team once tasted the "charm" of collective persecution is no longer able to give it up, it's like instinct - harassed the first victim, he immediately begins a new search. So, eliminating the causes of mobbing, the leader must first of all take care of the redeployment.<br /><br />Often causes gnobleniya from the collective need to look at the behavior of the victim, that is, roughly speaking, a victim of her own fault, that did not fit into the team. And of course, mobbing has sunk into oblivion, would, if not envy. By the way, violence may be subject to an office as well as provocative, eye-catching, and the most peaceful and sverhloyalny employee.<br /><br />WHAT TO DO?<br /><br />If you are a victim of mobbing, above all, need to consider their options for addressing the short, medium and long term. This will help you answer the questions: "Is there a way to get help from the leadership?", "Can I transfer to another location (position) within the company?", "Are you ready to find a new job?", "What to do and how long does it take to prepare for this transition? ". Assess your strength and capabilities - it will help to find the optimal solution: stay or go.<br /><br />When to go?<br /><br />If the situation has gone so far as to get to work like the way to the scaffold, there is a sense of psychological and physical exhaustion, then definitely dismissed. No work and no pay is not worth the health. Often decide to take this step difficult, partly because many perceive as a defeat for the dismissal, but few people recognize this is nice. In fact, the dismissal - this is a manifestation of a healthy survival instinct. Ulterior motive of self-defense instructors advise: in situations of extreme danger, even if you possess all the weapons and you have the highest belt in karate, when you can run away - run.<br /><br />If you feel the strength to confront the office violence, the fight is quite possible. For this network in several ways:<br /><br />1. Try not to give the slightest opportunity to reproach themselves of incompetence and ineptitude. And in any case not lower yourself to the screams and scandals. Entering the squabble, you show your vulnerability and sincere pleasure to offenders. Unsurprisingly, then, that the provocations continue.<br /><br />2. Highlight the instigator of the bullying and think of how to rally the team against him. To do this, you can keep a diary of negative moments, where for example, a month to record all adverse events. It will look something like this: "Today, Irina did not gave me the message that the boss asked him to call back immediately, smiled when he yelled at me." After analyzing the data for the month will be easier, firstly, to identify the instigators mobberov, secondly, people who have sympathy for you.<br /><br />3. Identify the "doubters" of colleagues who either fed antipathy to mobbing in general, the leader of persecution in particular, have a liking to you directly. We must try to create their own grouping. But here it is important not to overdo it, or from a victim and a fighter against mobbing can become invisible to the initiator.<br />In general, in war as in war, the range of anti-terrorist office depends on your personal creativity.<br /><br />Those who have not experienced mobbing action on its own nervous system, I wish not to stand on the sidelines, seeing how a colleague is suffering from mobbing. Because tomorrow, this problem can touch and you.<br /><br />HOW NOT TO BECOME A VICTIM OF MOBINGA<br /><br />Tips for beginners in the group<br /><br />1. Observe the collective standards of behavior - visit the corporate events and dine in the dining room, attended by a majority of the team, get dressed according to dress code adopted by the company.<br /><br />2. Accept and recognize features of labor organization in the company. Phrases like "you have here is not so, not right, but there have been different", pronounced "a visiting star" in response to familiarize with each process, cause irritation of the healthy group and the desire to say: "If there had been so cool, so go and where you came from. "<br /><br />3. Become innovator, innovator, not a critic. Many of the mistakes that you notice can be corrected under the guise of improving the production process.<br /><br />4. Observe neutrality with regard to your predecessor. It is not necessary to tell all and sundry in what terrible shape, he left the site and you as you now need to clean up the Augean stables.<br /><br />Old-timers Tips<br /><br />1. If you are promoted to the post and now you have to guide those who yesterday were on the same career stage and ran together for a smoke break, then try all the innovations, including the chain of command, introduced gradually. On a new sense of distance over time is necessary.<br /><br />2. If you increased the salary or bonus was given, and only got the bonus you do not brag to their colleagues. This was modestly better than silence. If the news went public, then share it with colleagues - they cover the table and set the "kickback."<br /><br />3. Keep a secret office romance. They are able to provoke envy, and jealousy at the same time, especially if you look like a novel, "chief-slave" or "lady - the only man in the team."<br /><br />PERSONAL EXPERIENCE<br /><br />ALONE AGAINST ALL did nothing.<br /><br />Actress Olga Sumskaya during his work in the theater experienced all the "charms" mobbing: colleagues said that they do not want to go with her to the stage, threw the blade in his underwear ... In the end, Olga decided: the theater continues to live without Sumy and it is - without the theater.<br /><br />Today Olga says: "In such a situation it is better to leave: there is safety in numbers. If a person is in a situation where the law is broken - then it's worth to fight for their rights. And if there is only the human factor, it does not work. You will fight a week or two, a year ... My struggle eventually dragged on for 15 years. Why? I could have done so much over the years, so many roles to play. That's what I regret. I think it is not worth worrying about at this rat spend no time or energy. "<br /><br />Do not give in to provocations.<br /><br />Svetlana St. George's are in a situation familiar to many who are moving up the corporate ladder. "I was raised, and one employee, an unofficial leader, was opposed and refused to obey my orders, despite the fact that I am responsible for the work of the department - says Svetlana. - It started slowly and colleagues put smb. Up to smth. "Muddy water" in the open to be rude to me. Go to work do not want to, but I was trying to restrain himself and behave as if nothing had happened. After about a month remaining realized that I really know my job and talking sense and not to find fault. And now we have all changed dramatically. The one that incited all against me, she became an outsider. "<br /><br />Downside.<br /><br />"I came to work for the district physician in one of the city's dispensaries - said Vasily Zaboltny. - The team made fun of an incompetent leader. Instead of performing his duties, he was committed to looking for someone to take away from the district office and who would take his povygodnee. Of hidden resentment, we have moved to action: complaints management, knocking doors, talking in a raised voice. Gave him a real boycott! Our psychological attack lasted for several months, but the manager was not fired. He was a hairy arm. In the end we are left with nothing, and the initiative has passed into his hands. He firmly tighten the screws and every little thing we complained about his leadership. Come to terms with this defeat did not allow the honor: of the staff quit. "bentonyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02312361246421442699noreply@blogger.com3tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5142800079838596370.post-35622097920347484202011-07-13T08:44:00.009-07:002011-07-13T08:44:21.085-07:0030 tips for those who build their business ...So, what does it take to become wealthy?<br /><br />1. Passionately want to become rich.<br /><br />2. Set a goal - to get rich.<br /><br />3. Acquire traits of a rich man.<br /><br />4. Become SMART (see the article How to become smarter?): Intuition, creativity, logic and knowledge.<br /><br />5. Do only that which leads to the goal, not to dissipate.<br />6. Thinking systemically: take into account all important factors.<br /><br />7.<br />Be a dynamic / labile / mobile.<br /><br />(Incidentally, you can immediately apply each item to themselves. If anything<a name='more'></a>is missing, take on a note, put in the creation of these properties in themselves or find ways to create!)<br />8. The nature of the winner - when failures do not fall from his hands, and there is much greater hazard.<br /><br />9. Try to talk to rich people.<br />10. Even a good business idea does not bring money, if not<br /><br />realizuesh WELL.<br /><br />11. Make business simple scheme, where there is nothing to break, otherwise will not work!<br />12. If there is no start-up capital and you do not trust him, the problem is - in your thinking. Master the mindset of a rich man, rich people will feel it and you will entrust capital.<br /><br />13. There is a business idea? Immediately distribute the model at a Glance: steps to implementation, costs and revenues. It will take an hour, will give a lot of valuable understanding.<br />14. It did not work - does not mean that more does not work, work - does not mean that further work.<br /><br />15. No offers, interesting to all, even if you give away a million dollars for free. :) Focus on those to whom your proposal might be interested.<br />16. 80% are the benefits of 20% effort, and the remaining 20% ??are the benefits of the remaining 80% effort. Poor are often very effective!<br /><br />17. Where can I avoid work - avoid to make time for more value. Ideal - everything happens by itself. Go in only the most important.<br />18. If the problem can not not do soizmerte is longer: the transfer and control the slave result, or do it yourself.<br /><br />19. Do not think on a "yes or no", distinguish the shades!<br />20. For rapid growth you definitely need a good intuition.<br /><br />21. If you are just starting out, select the project, which will return no more than 2 months, and will bring it further and bring.<br />22. If you do something does not want - often means that you do this and do not, (Intuitively, this ineffective!).<br /><br />23. Plan your writing - every day and in the future, mark task priorities.<br />24. Big-big money grow where something valuable is for many, many times.<br /><br />25. Mission leader - quality WANT: that is all to life.<br />26. "I'd better get 100 in one dollar from the work of others than one time $ 100 for their work." - J. Paul Getty, the American billionaire.<br /><br />27. Need: "PRIDUMCHIVOST" - the ability to invent new and unusual problems to solve, and the system - the ability to perceive complex object management in all its details, relationships and dynamics.<br />28. Move the money can be on the surface (to switch between projects) and depth (focus on one project). The most effective - consciously control the movement of the length and depth.<br /><br />29. Before you realize, learn opinion of The realism of your business model (see paragraph 13) a number of successful and experienced business people, preferably working in this field.<br />30. Efforts came to nothing lead, but without them nothing happens. You invest 100 burns 10, and pays for everything.bentonyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02312361246421442699noreply@blogger.com3tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5142800079838596370.post-26294575519851324872011-07-13T08:44:00.007-07:002011-07-13T08:44:20.275-07:00On charitySo, if you decided that you would give part of their income (10%) to charity, you have become a reasonable question - but where does it actually give? There are many versions, where the "right" to tithe (and many versions have been announced in the above blog)<br /><br />Religious people will tell you that the tithe should be given only to the church. Others - in children's homes, etc. Again, the understanding in this matter, "smart" people have determined that a charity, but that is a pure gift. By passing<a name='more'></a>it through myself, I made the following conclusions: charity is that which you give to people who are not able to make money. These may include: orphanages, homes for the elderly, disabled, etc. Of course, here can be attributed, and donations to the church, helping talented young people, etc. I defined the criteria for yourself where I want and I'll give!<br /><br />Would also like to stress that many of the word "charity" associate all sorts of charities. For example, I have put in a word - need help! It does not matter whether it will fund an orphanage, a teacher, section, etc. The main thing is that you are giving money (and / or things, etc.) to those who need it!<br /><br />Please select a you and for itself one or more places where you'll be making their way to an extraordinary pozhertvovaniya.Odin Henry Erdman suggested in his book "Invest and Grow Rich." Its essence is to open a mutual fund's and constantly replenish it. And let's say your retirement there gather up a decent amount. This will be the kind of Svoge fund named for you. And then, you always sacrifice a percentage that come from these money or just give out all the money is there. But the more rational the first option, because that the assistance that you provide, it can be very long, because interest always comes.<br /><br />In a conclusion that's more like what to say, do not confuse charity with patronage. Charities like you do in secret, blowing and telling all and sundry about it. Of course, a limited number of people will know from this (my wife could close friends), but specifically about it abundantly. Not teshte his vanity and not inflate your ego!bentonyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02312361246421442699noreply@blogger.com4tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5142800079838596370.post-90218084998086723632011-07-13T08:44:00.005-07:002011-07-13T08:44:08.721-07:00All about money. Come to the categories section.Home »Articles» Biographies<br />Chichvarkin<br />Person: Chichvarkin<br />Year of birth: 1974<br />Birthplace: Moscow<br />Education:<br />Started doing business: 17 years<br />First business: trading in the market<br />Core business: The company Euroset<br />Status: $ 7.000.000.000<br />Marital Status: Married<br /><br />Chichvarkin was born in 1974 in Moscow. In 1996 he graduated from the State Academy of Management, and the next year along with Timur Artemyev, the company created the famous "Euroset". Currently, the company includes some four<a name='more'></a>thousand mobile shops located in Russia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Ukraine and other countries. Evgeny Chichvarkin state now stands at several billion dollars.<br /><br />In this Chichvarkin is totally different from a serious businessman - his extravagant image has long been a byword. Press gladly prints his pictures, television and invited to participate in various programs and television shows.<br /><br />Biography of Eugene Chichvarkin is - he started in business right after high school. First sold in the market, but then I realized - for serious success to serious education. Thus was born the decision to enter the Academy of Management.<br />After successfully completing the Academy, together with partner Eugene opened his first shop selling mobile phones. Chichvarkin himself says that the idea to open a shop selling mobile phones owned by his companion, Timur Artemiev, he also did not care, what to sell, just to sell. Eugene liked the process of selling.<br /><br />Started with a couple of shops, "Euroset" today - one of the largest retail companies. And one of the most famous. In particular thanks to outrageous marketing activities and advertising. "Euroset" - just the price of ... et. " Herr Chichvarkin their ads like that. "Nothing is funnier than the word" asshole "- he says.<br />However, for the realization of many ideas in the chapter "Euroset" has not yet hvataetvozmozhnostey. And a wealthy gentleman Chichvarkin not think so. Despite the success and prosperity of the company. "I'm not a rich man - he says .- I can see their neighbors - that they are rich. I want to be rich. Money - it's possible. Appears, for example, the ability to build toll roads, but no money. Or decide that the oil must be sold abroad, and by the use of nuclear energy, and you need to build nuclear power plants, because they were not built for 15 years. That this takes money. They are - a means. I do not have enough features yet, so I do not think I am a rich man.<br /><br />Yes, the company has high turnover, but the company has been working for a small part, to be competitive. "bentonyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02312361246421442699noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5142800079838596370.post-85567725945271273882011-07-13T08:44:00.003-07:002011-07-13T08:44:07.916-07:00Roman AbramovichRoman Abramovich was born on October 24, 1966 in Saratov. His father, Arkady Nahimovich (handsome, a womanizer, a joker), worked as procurers in Syktyvkar Economic Council. Arkady Nahimovich wife brought back from Saratov. Irina wondered what this family settled in the North, it is necessary, they say, to move south. She went to give birth in their homes. Already returned to the Roman. And very patient. Something there, all was not well. So soon died (Roman then turned 1.5 years). Arkady her death<a name='more'></a>suffered greatly. Romka took to his mother's house Arcadia. Arkady Romka loved and stayed with him like an equal, man to man. Then one day, somewhere in the late 60s, started a clean-in SMU. They began to mount the crane. Boom fell and broke his legs Arcadia. A few days later he died. As explained the doctors, the case is extremely rare: the particles of bone marrow blood scored an artery. Roma for a long time did not say that he was left an orphan. Come up about some father's trip. And then it took on education his father's brother Leib Nahimovich Abramovich. Roman spent much of his youth in the Komi Republic. Leib Abramovich worked at the time head of the working supply "Pechorlesa" at "Komilesresurse."<br /><br />All my childhood and adolescence future oil tycoon living in Ukhta in the five-story brick. Feedback from neighbors, the novel was always stressed polite, sociable and considerate enough was known as a child. In 1983, Abramovich has finished public school number 2 with good grades and enrolled in the Industrial Institute. Before finalizing two courses, he was drafted into the Soviet Army. Served as a private avtovzvoda Artillery Regiment. Returning from the army, Abramovich entered the second year of the Moscow Institute of Oil and Gas. Gubkin and lived with his second uncle - Abram Nahimovicha Abramovich.<br /><br />In the Moscow institute, he had grown not only knowledge but also relationships - the children of many oil and gas, "the generals" (eg, the sons of Vyakhirev, Chernomyrdin, the children of directors of oil refineries) were in Gubkinsky. A son of the first director of association "Noyabrskneftegaz" Andrew Gorodilov Roman Abramovich lived in a dormitory.<br /><br />Parallel to his studies at the Institute of Roman Abramovich has organized a cooperative under the name "Comfort". Engaged in manufacturing of toys, a cooperative of polymers. Roma worked in co-op with Shvidler and Valery Oyfom, which would later become indispensable assistants and business partners in the business. Upon completion of the cooperative activities Abramovich for a while worked as a broker on the exchange.<br /><br />October 18, 1991 Abramovich married Irina Malandina Muscovite, charming fragile girl (with her he had met on the plane, at the time she was a flight attendant), and stayed in the capital.<br /><br />At first, business and groin Abramovich oil. Like many people, Roman Abramovich began in 1992 with the usual trade (by the way, the oil for a long time did not belong to Abramovich seriously, making fun of the fact that he sold jeans and tights). Abramovich has created five companies that are just not doing what (at least, according to the documents) - Publishing and brokering, car repairs and even production of fur and skins.<br /><br />The scheme of one of the first fraud<br /><br />July 9, 1992 the Investigative Department of Internal Affairs of Moscow has opened a criminal case of theft of diesel fuel from the Ukhta Refinery (Komi) on a large scale. Abramovich was then the head of a small business, "AVC", which bought a fuel with false documents. The investigation revealed that Abramovich has entered into a criminal conspiracy with unknown persons in Ukhta Komi Republic and the Kaliningrad region to commit theft of state assets in large-scale (diesel fuel from the Ukhta refinery). A resident of Ukhta Novozhilov February 14, 1992, using false documents to the firm "Aveks-Komi", signed by the Director Rogachev, had conspired with the deputy head of the department of supply Ukhta refinery Nikitenko. As a result of collusion appeared fake contract to supply refineries 5 thousand tons of diesel oil firm "Aveks-Komi" delivery to the station "Moscow" Moscow Railway.<br /><br />Roman Abramovich, in turn, agreed in advance with the station "Moscow" Boris Avetikov acceptance of tanks with diesel fuel. Using a fake power of attorney and other forged documents, received and appropriated Abramovich arrived from Ukhta 55 tanks with diesel fuel, worth 3.8 million rubles. Then, with the consent management MOR, and also using the fake documents, under the guise of sending fuel to military units deployed in the Kaliningrad region, ferried him to Riga, where it has been realized through the shell structure. Gain on sale of Abramovich shared with other members of the criminal group.<br /><br />Soon it was translated in Ukhta for further investigation, where sunk into oblivion. Thank you once again my uncle. But the name of Boris Avetikov to remember. It will take three years and a modest head of the railway station "Moscow" will take a direct part in the grand attraction called "Sibneft". Mr. Avetikov head of JSC "Multitrans" - one of more than a dozen companies that Berezovsky and Abramovich will register to participate in the pledge auction for "Sibneft". All of these firms competed with each other, and, of course, some of them even won the auction. These same opponents on him were simply not allowed.<br /><br />"Sibneft"<br /><br />In 1993, Roman Abramovich, continued commercial activity, in particular on oil sales from the city of Noyabrsk. Abramovich firm AR "Mekong" is second only to "Balkar Trading" in terms of the sale of oil from this city. This Abramovich was obliged to get acquainted with Andrew Gorodilov, son of the head "Noyabrskneftegaz" and the first President of "Sibneft".<br /><br />Privatization of "Sibneft", masterfully played out Abramovich and Berezovsky, who is worthy to enter the manual titled "How to Be a Millionaire." It is not known at whose head was born on this brilliant plan. However, the circumstances of the meeting of two titans of thought and Russian democracy - Berezovsky and Abramovich - also shrouded in mystery. According to some reports, Roman Abramovich, Boris Berezovsky met with in the Caribbean. There they were at the invitation of the heads of Alfa-Bank Petr Aven and Mikhail Fridman. Berezovsky called AVEN (they were familiar with the work of "LogoVAZ"), and Abramovich - Friedman. However, both "intellectual giant" set to work simultaneously at both ends.<br /><br />The oil industry was by then already divided - with the exception of the Omsk oil refinery and "Noyabrskneftegaz". They say that Abramovich and Berezovsky's attention to these two companies, the allocation of that "Rosneft" and began to try to Boris Berezovsky.<br /><br />While Berezovsky knocked at doors Kremlin offices, Abramovich arranged on the ground. Roma, along with his classmate and partner, Andrew Bloch began spud son Omsk governor Leonid Polezhayev. By the time Alex, graduated from the Leningrad Institute of Aviation, settled in Moscow. But a warm place in the sun and generally have not found life was not very happy. Then on his way he met Roman Abramovich, who as a real adversary could offer strained circumstances provincial all of which missed his body and soul.<br /><br />Help a loving dad needed, while Chernomyrdin - then, by the way, another prime minister - has vetoed the selection and subsequent privatization of the Omsk oil refinery. But we have to every person of Caucasian nationality of the policeman there, and for each prime minister - Berezovsky. He arranged an audience with Yeltsin Polezhayev, the governor and clearly explained to the guarantor, that if not provide the Omsk oil refinery of "Rosneft", Omsk lose the largest taxpayer. In general, the desired order was signed.<br /><br />The same Leonid Polezhayev - by the time his son had become one of the wedding generals "Sibneft" (does Abramovich promises train) - helped to re-register "Sibneft" from Siberia to the regional center Lubin. House on 85 October Street (the address of JSC "Siberian Oil Company") - ramshackle hovels with granary castle that can cause a compassionate desire to submit to two passers-by, "the deputies of the Duma."<br /><br />Oil production was more profitable than its processing, and Abramovich will soon focused his interests on the "Noyabrskneftegaz". On the first director of the association's son Andrew Gorodilov Abramovich was familiar with the student days, and the way to the heart was already beaten provincial - he went through the purse, women's and restaurants.<br /><br />In June 1996, Abramovich joined the board of directors "Noyabrsknetfegaza", becoming also the head of the Moscow office, and since 1997 - member of the Board of Directors of "Sibneft".<br /><br />On equal footing with Boris Berezovsky, Roman Abramovich was created offshore company Runicom Ltd, registered in Gibraltar, and five of its "daughters" in Western Europe. This structure is involved in the calculations for the export enterprises of "Sibneft".<br /><br />Set out to take over the company "Sibneft", Abramovich and his associates used a tried and tested method of "mortgaging the auction." It should be noted that the law "On privatization of state and municipal enterprises in the Russian Federation" does not provide for such method of privatization, as the alienation of state property taken as collateral.<br /><br />Three tender for sale of shares of "Sibneft" have been held in violation of applicable laws. Members of the competitive komssii representing the interests of the state, clearly acted in favor of the competition - companies controlled by Mr Abramovich, Berezovsky and Smolensky.<br /><br />The most interesting fact is that Boris Berezovsky, who stirred this whole mess in the beginning there was an equal partner Roman Abramovich, will soon part with their assets in "Sibneft". Tell us how one day Abramovich, a man unlike Berezovsky carried away, it is pragmatic and knows only one logic - the logic of money and refused to give money for the ORT and "Kommersant". But it agreed to buy shares of "Sibneft" Berezovsky. And what could I do to Boris Abramovich, accustomed to big spending and playing politics?<br /><br />In the end, until the autumn of 2005, Roman Abramovich, has managed to accumulate in the hands of 72.66% stake in oil company "Sibneft".<br /><br />"Russian Aluminum"<br /><br />In February 2000 the company sold the TWG "Sibneft" and Logovaz controlling stakes in three of the largest aluminum smelters - Krasnoyarsk, Novokuznetsk and Brotherhood, as well as considerable stake Krasnoyarsk hydroelectric power station and Achinsk alumina refinery for $ 500 million thus Abramovich and Berezovsky took control of the full technological cycle of production of aluminum, at least, formally owned by the Russian firm.<br /><br />But in practice, the transaction of this magnitude can not be implemented without the consent of the State, or more precisely - those representing the State. Which forced the brothers Black (representing the interests of TWG), recently won "the battle for KrAZ" a local "authority" Bykov, renounce the fruits of their victory, and even for the ridiculously low price? Is turmoil in his personal life, which are excitedly told tabloid edition? Or much more severe circumstances?<br /><br />"PCB" Black business can serve as a classic example of "systems" Berezovsky and Abramovich, his former partner. First, they agreed to support candidates in the gubernatorial election of Cygnus, with the same Bykov, displaces Black with KrAZ. After winning the Governor-General Lebed to the filing of the same operators and the full support of the Kremlin structures that are "central bankers'" family "had a major influence, he began to" sink "Bykov and won a criminal case against him, then hit the last running. TWG has received the coveted control of KrAZ, agreeing with Berezovsky about his support of a number of political projects.<br /><br />And then gradually began a campaign against tolling schemes used by TWG for care out of taxes and receive super-profits. Parallel has changed the attitude of local authorities, Krasnoyarsk, Kemerovo and Irkutsk, in the firm of Black. Apparently, in these conditions of continuous pressure "Tashkent brothers" felt themselves to lesser evil and get compensation out of the game, and Berezovsky & Co. have control over one of the most financially lucrative domestic industries.<br /><br />Before the coming of Roman Abramovich, the balance of power in the company was as follows: 40% of the shares through Russian intermediaries Cherny brothers owned British corporation TWG, 30% - Moscow group "Trastkonsaltgrup", 10% - Krasnoyarsk businessman and head of the board of directors KrAZ Anatoly Bykov, in alliance with Gennady Druzhinin 10% - of "Kipton Limited", and another 10% - the remaining minority shareholders.<br /><br />Later, everything changed. Roman Abramovich has bought a package of Black and Vasily Anisimov ("Trastkonsaltgrup"). According to some reports, the latter sold the bags, thinking that they can not afford to deal with the problems of the Krasnoyarsk Aluminum - Alexander Lebed, the conflict with Anatoly Bykov, the duty trehmilliardnym plant energy and the fact that the dominant position at the Achinsk Alumina Plant, the main supplier of cheap raw materials for production aluminum, is a group of "Alpha". All the more so even then, the interests of "Trastkonsaltgrup" were directed to merge with the Siberian-Urals Aluminum Company of Victor Vekselberg. If "Trastkonsalt" did not sell his shares, then he would have stayed KrAZ one on one with "Russian Aluminum". It is unlikely that between them could be reached on the joint conduct of business - they are too different to a set task. "Trastkonsaltu" obviously needed a cooperative effort, and addressing the supply of alumina, "Russian Aluminum" - full control over exports. Do not sell "Trastkonsalt" the package caused a conflict of interest would be resolved during the next round of devastating conflict for the industry. Had to give up the one for whom the ownership of shares in KrAZ is the task of lower priority. And "Trastkonsalt" took this decision, not only economically justifiable, but also visionary. For the same reason and the owners of the Bratsk aluminum plant have decided to part with their assets.<br /><br />But for the honor of Roman Abramovich, has never held an aluminum business, he was able to "razrulit" difficult situation, agreeing with all amicably. Calculation of Vygotsky Black TWG in asset sales was simple. Oilers did not understand in aluminum. Business this in contrast to the oil industry at every stage of the problem and requires specific knowledge and skills. Therefore, having received from them a lot of money, through their "privatized" by managers, you can still "deribanit" factories and wage war with Deripaska have the money "Sibneft".<br /><br />But Roman Abramovich has proved to be smarter than that expected for the Black Lion. "Strong move" was calculated at once, and almost by the first action of the new owners of the former empire was TWG proposal Deripaska Union. Deripaska has gone union. The war on "Sibneft" could be a long time, but in the end, Abramovich will only be more, and monetary and administrative resources. In the long war Deripaska lost more than from the merger.<br /><br />Already in April 2000 at KrAZ appeared administration of the "Siberian Aluminum", and soon it was announced that "Sibneft" and "Siberian Aluminum" merge their aluminum assets into one company - "Russian aluminum", which will bring together up to 70% of the aluminum industry. Terms of the agreement: the property 50 to 50, CEO - Deripaska. Administration at the plants - people Deripaska. Staff management company 50 to 50. Missing up to 50% of the assets of the shareholders, "Sibal" covers cash. They say that this amount was about $ 500 million<br /><br />Thus, acquiring assets TWG for $ 500 million and subsequently rescued by the same $ 500 million at the confluence with Sibal, Roman Abramovich, had acquired almost half of the free all aluminum industry.<br /><br />Cars and planes<br /><br />In August 2000 the company was established "RusPromAvto", designed to consolidate and expand the assets of Abramovich and Deripaska in the automotive industry. Its expansion in the automotive industry, "Russian Aluminum" began with the acquisition of the largest, though not very successful in Russia plant to produce buses - JSC "Pavlovsky Bus" (PAZ). Interest of "Rusal" to explain just automotive - parts of the machines are made of aluminum. It is important to note that the distribution of shares of the new holding company under the control of "Rusal", Company "Basic Element" (Deripaska) and Millhouse Capital (Abramovich) were 37.5%, and 25% were transferred to the managers.<br /><br />In 2001 Abramovich bought the structure about 26% of the company "Aeroflot". According to press reports, in total for the purchase of this package have been spent about $ 120 million shares were bought on the open market as well as from private shareholders, such as the firms that are close to the businessman Boris Berezovskybentonyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02312361246421442699noreply@blogger.com21